Abstract
Summary The degree of rice tillering is an important agronomic trait that can be markedly affected by nitrogen supply. However, less is known about how nitrogen‐regulated rice tillering is related to polar auxin transport. Compared with nitrate, ammonium induced tiller development and was paralleled with increased 3 H‐indole‐acetic acid (IAA) transport and greater auxin into the junctions. OsPIN9 , an auxin efflux carrier, was selected as the candidate gene involved in ammonium‐regulated tillering based on GeneChip data. Compared with wild‐type plants, ospin9 mutants had fewer tillers, and OsPIN9 overexpression increased the tiller number. Additionally, OsPIN9 was mainly expressed in vascular tissue of the junction and tiller buds, and encoded a membrane‐localised protein. Heterologous expression in Xenopus oocytes and yeast demonstrated that OsPIN9 is a functional auxin efflux transporter. More importantly, its RNA and protein levels were induced by ammonium but not by nitrate, and tiller numbers in mutants did not respond to nitrogen forms. Further advantages, including increased tiller number and grain yield, were observed in overexpression lines grown in the paddy field at a low‐nitrogen rate compared with at a high‐nitrogen rate. Our data revealed that ammonium supply and an auxin efflux transporter co‐ordinately control tiller bud elongation in rice.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium induced tiller development relative to nitrate.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Compared with nitrate, ammonium induced tiller development”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium increased IAA transport and auxin in junctions relative to nitrate.
- Treatment
- ammoniume0
- Outcome
- 3 H‐indole‐acetic acid (IAA) transport and greater auxin into the junctionse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- nitratee0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Compared with nitrate, ammonium induced tiller development and was paralleled with increased 3 H‐indole‐acetic acid (IAA) transport and greater auxin into the junctions.”
Claim · model-written summary
ospin9 mutants had fewer tillers than wild type.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Compared with wild‐type plants, ospin9 mutants had fewer tillers”
Claim · model-written summary
OsPIN9 overexpression increased tiller number.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“OsPIN9 overexpression increased the tiller number”
Claim · model-written summary
OsPIN9 was expressed mainly in junction vascular tissue and tiller buds.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“OsPIN9 was mainly expressed in vascular tissue of the junction and tiller buds”
Claim · model-written summary
OsPIN9 encoded a membrane-localised protein.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Gene
- OsPIN9t0
- Outcome
- membrane‐localised proteine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“encoded a membrane‐localised protein”
t0“OsPIN9, an auxin efflux carrier, is required for the regulation of rice tiller bud outgrowth by ammonium”
Claim · model-written summary
Heterologous expression showed OsPIN9 is an auxin efflux transporter.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Heterologous expression in Xenopus oocytes and yeast demonstrated that OsPIN9 is a functional auxin efflux transporter.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium, but not nitrate, induced OsPIN9 RNA and protein levels.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- ammoniume0
- Gene
- OsPIN9t0
- Outcome
- RNA and protein levelse0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Comparator
- nitratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“its RNA and protein levels were induced by ammonium but not by nitrate”
t0“OsPIN9, an auxin efflux carrier, is required for the regulation of rice tiller bud outgrowth by ammonium”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutant tiller numbers did not respond to nitrogen form.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- tiller numbers in mutants did not respond to nitrogen formse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tiller numbers in mutants did not respond to nitrogen forms”
t0“rice tiller bud outgrowth”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression lines had more tillers and grain yield at low than high nitrogen in paddy fields.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- low‐nitrogen ratee0
- Outcome
- tiller number and grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- high‐nitrogen ratee0
- Setting
- paddy fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased tiller number and grain yield, were observed in overexpression lines grown in the paddy field at a low‐nitrogen rate compared with at a high‐nitrogen rate”
t0“rice tiller bud outgrowth”
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