Abstract
beta-Aminobutyric acid (BABA) was used to induce resistance in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) against downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola). This led to a strong reduction of mycelial growth and sporulation in the susceptible cv. Chasselas. Comparing different inducers, the best protection was achieved with BABA followed by jasmonic acid (JA), whereas benzo (1,2,3)-thiadiazole-7-carbothionic acid-S-methyl ester (a salicylic acid [SA] analog) and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment did not increase the resistance significantly. Marker genes for the SA and JA pathways showed potentiated expression patterns in BABA-treated plants following infection. The callose synthesis inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose partially suppressed BABA- and JA-induced resistance against P viticola in Chasselas. Application of the phenylalanine ammonia lyase inhibitor 2-aminoindan-2-phosphonic acid and the lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitor 5, 8, 11, 14-eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA) also led to a reduction of BABA-induced resistance (BABA-IR), suggesting that callose deposition as well as defense mechanisms depending on phenylpropanoids and the JA pathways all contribute to BABA-IR. The similar phenotype of BABA- and JA-induced resistance, the potentiated expression pattern of JA-regulated genes (LOX-9 and PR-4) following BABA treatment, and the suppression of BABA-IR with ETYA suggest an involvement of the JA pathway in BABA-IR of grapevine leading to a primed deposition of callose and lignin around the infection sites.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
BABA strongly reduced pathogen mycelial growth and sporulation in Chasselas grapevine.
- Material
- Chasselase0
- Treatment
- beta-Aminobutyric acid (BABA)e0
- Interactor
- Plasmopara viticola
Plasmopara viticolae0pathogen - Outcome
- mycelial growth and sporulatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
VitisNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“beta-Aminobutyric acid (BABA) was used to induce resistance in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) against downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola). This led to a strong reduction of mycelial growth and sporulation in the susceptible cv. Chasselas”
Claim · model-written summary
BABA provided the best protection, followed by jasmonic acid.
- Treatment
- BABAe0
- Interactor
- Downy MildewPeronosporaceaet0pathogen
- Outcome
- best protectione0
- Direction
- beste0
- Comparator
- jasmonic acid (JA)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Comparing different inducers, the best protection was achieved with BABA followed by jasmonic acid (JA)”
t0“Downy Mildew in Grapevine”
Claim · model-written summary
The salicylic acid analog did not significantly increase resistance.
- Treatment
- benzo (1,2,3)-thiadiazole-7-carbothionic acid-S-methyl estere0
- Interactor
- Downy MildewPeronosporaceaet0pathogen
- Outcome
- resistancee0
- Direction
- did not increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“benzo (1,2,3)-thiadiazole-7-carbothionic acid-S-methyl ester (a salicylic acid [SA] analog) and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment did not increase the resistance significantly”
t0“Downy Mildew in Grapevine”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA did not significantly increase resistance.
- Treatment
- abscisic acid (ABA) treatmente0
- Interactor
- Downy MildewPeronosporaceaet0pathogen
- Outcome
- resistancee0
- Direction
- did not increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“abscisic acid (ABA) treatment did not increase the resistance significantly”
t0“Downy Mildew in Grapevine”
Claim · model-written summary
BABA potentiated SA and JA marker-gene expression after infection.
- Treatment
- BABA-treatede0
- Gene
- Marker genes for the SA and JA pathwayse0
- Outcome
- expression patternse0
- Direction
- potentiatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Marker genes for the SA and JA pathways showed potentiated expression patterns in BABA-treated plants following infection”
t0“Grapevine”
Claim · model-written summary
Callose synthesis inhibition partially suppressed BABA- and JA-induced resistance.
- Material
- Chasselase0
- Treatment
- 2-deoxy-D-glucosee0
- Interactor
- P viticolaPlasmopara viticolae0pathogen
- Outcome
- BABA- and JA-induced resistancee0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The callose synthesis inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose partially suppressed BABA- and JA-induced resistance against P viticola in Chasselas”
t0“Grapevine”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenylalanine ammonia lyase inhibition reduced BABA-induced resistance.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of the phenylalanine ammonia lyase inhibitor 2-aminoindan-2-phosphonic acid and the lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitor 5, 8, 11, 14-eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA) also led to a reduction of BABA-induced resistance (BABA-IR)”
t0“Grapevine”
Claim · model-written summary
Lipoxygenase inhibition reduced BABA-induced resistance.
- Treatment
- 5, 8, 11, 14-eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA)e0
- Outcome
- BABA-induced resistance (BABA-IR)e0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitor 5, 8, 11, 14-eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA) also led to a reduction of BABA-induced resistance (BABA-IR)”
t0“Grapevine”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer JA pathway involvement in BABA resistance and primed callose and lignin deposition.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suggest an involvement of the JA pathway in BABA-IR of grapevine leading to a primed deposition of callose and lignin around the infection sites”
The same questions in other papers
3-aminobutanoic acid · Plasmopara viticola · VitisPositive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
3-aminobutanoic acid · molecular: expression · VitisResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.