Abstract
The effects of nickel in combination with ascorbic acid (AsA) and gibberellin on 7-day-old soybean seedlings were examined. Exposure to 0.25 mM NiCl 2 × 6H 2 O for 5 days resulted in toxicity symptoms, such as formation of reddish-brown mottled spots on the leaf blade. Addition of 0.05 mM GA 3 or 1 mM AsA reduced toxic effects of nickel. After their simultaneous application, these symptoms did not appear. Ni decreased dry weights of roots and shoots and reduced chlorophyll content in leaves. An enhanced level of lipoxygenase activity and malondialdehyde, and changes in the activities of the antioxidant enzymes, catalase, guaiacol peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase, in both roots and leaves indicated that Ni caused an oxidative stress in soybean plants. The Ni-stressed seedlings exposed to AsA or GA 3 , especially to GA 3 plus AsA, exhibited an improved growth as compared to Ni-treated plants. GA 3 decreased Ni uptake by roots, while ascorbic acid considerably reduced root-to-shoot translocation of Ni. Interaction of AsA plus GA 3 prevented the decrease in chlorophyll content and lipid peroxidation as well as increased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes. These results suggest that GA 3 plus AsA treatment counteracts the negative effects of Ni on soybean seedlings.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Nickel exposure caused leaf mottling.
- Taxon
- Glycine max
Glycine maxt0 - Organ / stage
- leaf bladee0
- Treatment
- 0.25 mM NiCl 2 × 6H 2 O for 5 dayse0
- Outcome
- reddish-brown mottled spotse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exposure to 0.25 mM NiCl 2 × 6H 2 O for 5 days resulted in toxicity symptoms, such as formation of reddish-brown mottled spots on the leaf blade.”
t0“Glycine max”
Claim · model-written summary
GA 3 reduced nickel toxicity.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- 0.05 mM GA 3e0
- Outcome
- toxic effects of nickele0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of 0.05 mM GA 3 or 1 mM AsA reduced toxic effects of nickel.”
t0“Glycine max”
Claim · model-written summary
AsA reduced nickel toxicity.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- 1 mM AsAe0
- Outcome
- toxic effects of nickele0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of 0.05 mM GA 3 or 1 mM AsA reduced toxic effects of nickel.”
t0“Glycine max”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application prevented visible toxicity symptoms.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- their simultaneous applicatione0
- Outcome
- these symptoms did not appeare0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After their simultaneous application, these symptoms did not appear.”
t0“Glycine max”
Claim · model-written summary
Nickel reduced root and shoot dry weights.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Nie0
- Outcome
- dry weights of roots and shootse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ni decreased dry weights of roots and shoots and reduced chlorophyll content in leaves.”
t0“Glycine max”
Claim · model-written summary
Nickel reduced leaf chlorophyll.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Nie0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content in leavese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ni decreased dry weights of roots and shoots and reduced chlorophyll content in leaves.”
t0“Glycine max”
Claim · model-written summary
Nickel increased lipoxygenase activity and malondialdehyde.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Nie0
- Outcome
- lipoxygenase activity and malondialdehydee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An enhanced level of lipoxygenase activity and malondialdehyde, and changes in the activities of the antioxidant enzymes, catalase, guaiacol peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase, in both roots and leaves indicated that Ni caused an oxidative stress in soybean plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nickel changed antioxidant enzyme activities.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Nie0
- Outcome
- activities of the antioxidant enzymes, catalase, guaiacol peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidasee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“changes in the activities of the antioxidant enzymes, catalase, guaiacol peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase, in both roots and leaves indicated that Ni caused an oxidative stress in soybean plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
AsA improved growth relative to nickel alone.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- AsAe0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- Ni-treated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Ni-stressed seedlings exposed to AsA or GA 3 , especially to GA 3 plus AsA, exhibited an improved growth as compared to Ni-treated plants.”
t0“Glycine max”
Claim · model-written summary
GA 3 improved growth relative to nickel alone.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- GA 3e0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- Ni-treated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Ni-stressed seedlings exposed to AsA or GA 3 , especially to GA 3 plus AsA, exhibited an improved growth as compared to Ni-treated plants.”
t0“Glycine max”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined GA 3 and AsA especially improved growth.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- GA 3 plus AsAe0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- Ni-treated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Ni-stressed seedlings exposed to AsA or GA 3 , especially to GA 3 plus AsA, exhibited an improved growth as compared to Ni-treated plants.”
t0“Glycine max”
Claim · model-written summary
GA 3 decreased root nickel uptake.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- GA 3e0
- Outcome
- Ni uptake by rootse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GA 3 decreased Ni uptake by roots, while ascorbic acid considerably reduced root-to-shoot translocation of Ni.”
t0“Glycine max”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic acid reduced root-to-shoot nickel movement.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- ascorbic acide0
- Outcome
- root-to-shoot translocation of Nie0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GA 3 decreased Ni uptake by roots, while ascorbic acid considerably reduced root-to-shoot translocation of Ni.”
t0“Glycine max”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined treatment prevented chlorophyll loss and lipid peroxidation.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- AsA plus GA 3e0
- Outcome
- decrease in chlorophyll content and lipid peroxidatione0
- Direction
- preventede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interaction of AsA plus GA 3 prevented the decrease in chlorophyll content and lipid peroxidation as well as increased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes.”
t0“Glycine max”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined treatment increased antioxidant enzyme activities.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- AsA plus GA 3e0
- Outcome
- activities of the antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interaction of AsA plus GA 3 prevented the decrease in chlorophyll content and lipid peroxidation as well as increased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes.”
t0“Glycine max”
The same questions in other papers
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1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
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3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
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See all 7 papers →8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.