Abstract
Efficient use of soil N amendments in maize ( Zea mays L.) production is necessary to maximize producer's economic returns and to maintain soil and water quality. A 5‐year field experiment was conducted on a Brandon loam soil (fine loamy, mixed, mesic Typic Endoaquoll) (Orthic Humic Gleysol) with the objective of measuring N uptake and grain yield of two maize hybrids under different N amendments [no amendment, NH 4 NO 3 at 100 and 200 kg N ha −1 , and stockpiled and rotted dairy manure at 50 and 100 Mg ha −1 (wet wt.)] to determine differences in N use efficiency (NUE) and its components, N uptake efficiency and N utilization efficiency. The N amendments increased the grain yield (by an average of 20%) and NUE (by an average of 17.5%) of a modern hybrid (Pioneer ‘3902’) more than that of an old hybrid (‘Pride 5’). The difference method that was used to estimate N recovery indicated that, over the course of the study, Pioneer 3902 took up 48% of inorganic fertilizer N and 20% of the manure N, compared with 42 and 16%, respectively, for Pride 5. Manure application resulted in total N uptake comparable to the 200 kg N ha −1 treatment. Grain yields of manure treatments in 1993 and 1994 were generally lower (5–15%) than the 200 kg N ha −1 treatment. During the latter periods (1995 and 1996) of the study with repeated application under continuous maize, all manure treatments produced grain yields equal to or slightly greater (6–13%) than the fertilizer treatment. Dairy manure application increased N uptake and grain yield of maize. The NUE, based on added mineral N levels, for all manure treatments was greater than for the 200 kg N ha −1 treatment.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
N amendments raised grain yield of Pioneer 3902 more than Pride 5, averaging 20%.
- Material
- Pioneer ‘3902’e0
- Treatment
- N amendmentse0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 20%e0
- Comparator
- Pride 5e0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The N amendments increased the grain yield (by an average of 20%) and NUE (by an average of 17.5%) of a modern hybrid (Pioneer ‘3902’) more than that of an old hybrid (‘Pride 5’)”
Claim · model-written summary
N amendments raised NUE of Pioneer 3902 more than Pride 5, averaging 17.5%.
- Material
- Pioneer ‘3902’e0
- Treatment
- N amendmentse0
- Outcome
- NUEe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 17.5%e0
- Comparator
- Pride 5e0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The N amendments increased the grain yield (by an average of 20%) and NUE (by an average of 17.5%) of a modern hybrid (Pioneer ‘3902’) more than that of an old hybrid (‘Pride 5’)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pioneer 3902 took up 48% of inorganic fertilizer nitrogen.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Pioneer 3902 took up 48% of inorganic fertilizer N”
Claim · model-written summary
Pioneer 3902 took up 20% of manure nitrogen.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“and 20% of the manure N, compared with 42 and 16%, respectively, for Pride 5”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure produced total N uptake comparable to the 200 kg N fertilizer treatment.
- Treatment
- Manure applicatione0
- Outcome
- total N uptakee0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Comparator
- 200 kg N ha −1 treatmente0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Manure application resulted in total N uptake comparable to the 200 kg N ha −1 treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure grain yields in 1993 and 1994 were 5–15% lower than fertilizer treatment.
- Treatment
- manure treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Grain yieldse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 5–15%e0
- Comparator
- 200 kg N ha −1 treatmente0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Grain yields of manure treatments in 1993 and 1994 were generally lower (5–15%) than the 200 kg N ha −1 treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated manure treatments in 1995 and 1996 yielded equally or 6–13% more than fertilizer treatment.
- Treatment
- manure treatmentse0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- equal to or slightly greatere0
- Value
- 6–13%e0
- Comparator
- fertilizer treatmente0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“all manure treatments produced grain yields equal to or slightly greater (6–13%) than the fertilizer treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure raised maize nitrogen uptake and grain yield.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dairy manure application increased N uptake and grain yield of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure treatments had greater NUE than the 200 kg fertilizer treatment.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The NUE, based on added mineral N levels, for all manure treatments was greater than for the 200 kg N ha −1 treatment”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
3,484 papers in the same direction as this paper · 338 in the opposite direction · 85 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
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