Abstract
ABSTRACT Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation enhances grain sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] yield, but influence on grain quality has not been measured. The objective was to determine the effect of cropping sequence (CS) and soil amendment (SA) on grain yield and quality. Sorghum grain yield and quality, soil NO 3 –N and water were measured in a rotation study in 2003 and 2004 on a Sharpsburg silty clay loam (fine, smectitic, mesic Typic Argiudoll). Cropping sequences were continuous sorghum, and sorghum rotated with non‐nodulating and nodulating soybean. Soil amendments consisted of no amendment, manure (17–26 Mg dry matter ha −1 yr −1 ), and N (84 kg ha −1 yr −1 ). CS × SA interaction effects were found for most parameters. Rotation with non‐nodulating soybean without SA increased yield by 2.6 to 2.8 Mg ha −1 over continuous sorghum without SA. Rotation without SA with nodulating soybean further increased yield by 1.7 to 1.8 Mg ha −1 over rotation with non‐nodulating soybean. Grain N increased by 0.5 to 1.0, 2.5 to 5.0, and 3.3 to 4.9 g kg −1 for N application to continuous sorghum and sorghum rotated with non‐nodulating and nodulating soybean, respectively. Tangential abrasive dehulling device (TADD) removal indicated that continuous sorghum without SA produced the softest grain with 43 to 44% TADD removal, and sorghum rotated with nodulating soybean with manure produced the hardest grain with 22 to 27% TADD removal. As food end‐use opportunities for sorghum grain evolve, use of crop rotation and SA application will be important to produce grain with desirable quality attributes.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Interaction effects of cropping sequence and soil amendment were found for most sorghum parameters measured.
- Outcome
- CS × SA interaction effectse0
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CS × SA interaction effects were found for most parameters”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotation with non-nodulating soybean without soil amendment increased sorghum yield by 2.6 to 2.8 Mg per ha over continuous sorghum without amendment.
- Treatment
- Rotation with non‐nodulating soybean without SAe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 2.6 to 2.8 Mg ha −1e0
- Comparator
- continuous sorghum without SAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rotation with non‐nodulating soybean without SA increased yield by 2.6 to 2.8 Mg ha −1 over continuous sorghum without SA”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotation without amendment with nodulating soybean further increased sorghum yield by 1.7 to 1.8 Mg per ha over rotation with non-nodulating soybean.
- Treatment
- Rotation without SA with nodulating soybeane0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- further increasede0
- Value
- 1.7 to 1.8 Mg ha −1e0
- Comparator
- rotation with non‐nodulating soybeane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rotation without SA with nodulating soybean further increased yield by 1.7 to 1.8 Mg ha −1 over rotation with non‐nodulating soybean”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application increased grain N by 0.5 to 1.0 g per kg in continuous sorghum.
- Treatment
- N applicatione0
- Outcome
- Grain Ne0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.5 to 1.0e0
- Qualifier
- continuous sorghume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain N increased by 0.5 to 1.0, 2.5 to 5.0, and 3.3 to 4.9 g kg −1 for N application to continuous sorghum and sorghum rotated with non‐nodulating and nodulating soybean, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application increased grain N by 2.5 to 5.0 g per kg in sorghum rotated with non-nodulating soybean.
- Treatment
- N applicatione0
- Outcome
- Grain Ne0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 2.5 to 5.0e0
- Qualifier
- rotated with non‐nodulatinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain N increased by 0.5 to 1.0, 2.5 to 5.0, and 3.3 to 4.9 g kg −1 for N application to continuous sorghum and sorghum rotated with non‐nodulating and nodulating soybean, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application increased grain N by 3.3 to 4.9 g per kg in sorghum rotated with nodulating soybean.
- Treatment
- N applicatione0
- Outcome
- Grain Ne0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 3.3 to 4.9 g kg −1e0
- Qualifier
- nodulating soybeane0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain N increased by 0.5 to 1.0, 2.5 to 5.0, and 3.3 to 4.9 g kg −1 for N application to continuous sorghum and sorghum rotated with non‐nodulating and nodulating soybean, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous sorghum without amendment produced the softest grain, with 43 to 44% TADD removal.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“continuous sorghum without SA produced the softest grain with 43 to 44% TADD removal”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum rotated with nodulating soybean with manure produced the hardest grain, with 22 to 27% TADD removal.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sorghum rotated with nodulating soybean with manure produced the hardest grain with 22 to 27% TADD removal”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that crop rotation and soil amendment will be important for producing sorghum grain with desirable quality attributes.
- Outcome
- desirable quality attributese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“use of crop rotation and SA application will be important to produce grain with desirable quality attributes”
t0“Sorghum”
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