Abstract
Preharvest desiccation of rice ( Oryza saliva L.) would improve timeliness of harvest and allow more efficient and faster combining of the grain. Field studies to determine the suitability of diquat (6,7‐dihydrodipyrido [1,2‐α:2′,1′‐ c ]pyrazinediium ion), glyphosate [ N ‐(phosphonomethyl)glycine], paraquat (1,1′‐dimethyl‐4,4′‐bipyridinium ion), and sodium chlorate as preharvest desicants for rice were conducted for 2 years. Diquat at 0.28 kg/ha and paraquat at 0.14 kg/ha resulted in good leaf desiccation in 2 days under the hot cloudy conditions of the studies. Three days were required for desiccation when diquat at 0.14 kg/ha was applied, while 4 days were required when sodium chlorate at 5.04 kg/ha was applied. Glyphosate at rates up to 1.12 kg/ha did not adequately desiccate rice leaves in 7 days under the conditions of this study. When applied to rice with grain moisture of 22%, diquat at 0.56 kg/ha, paraquat at 0.14 kg/ha, and sodium chlorate at 5.04 kg/ha significantly reduced grain moisture 3 days after application. Diquat at 0.14 kg/ha and glyphosate at 1.12 kg/ha required 7 days to reduce grain moisture. Only paraquat at 0.14 kg/ha 7 days after application to 16.5% moisture rice reduced grain moisture. Whole kernels after milling were slightly reduced by diquat at 0.28 and 0.56 kg/ha, paraquat at 0.14 kg/ha and sodium chlorate at 5.04 kg/ha, all applied to 25% grain moisture rice 7 days before harvest. None of the desiccants evaluated reduced grain yield, seed germination, or 1,000 grain weight. These results indicate that diquat, paraquat and sodium chlorate may have potential as preharvest desiccants for rice.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Diquat at 0.28 kg/ha gave good leaf desiccation in 2 days under hot cloudy conditions.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- Diquat at 0.28 kg/hae1
- Outcome
- good leaf desiccatione1
- Value
- 2 dayse1
- Setting
- hot cloudy conditionse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Desiccants for Rice”
e1“Diquat at 0.28 kg/ha and paraquat at 0.14 kg/ha resulted in good leaf desiccation in 2 days under the hot cloudy conditions of the studies”
Claim · model-written summary
Paraquat at 0.14 kg/ha gave good leaf desiccation in 2 days under hot cloudy conditions.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- paraquat at 0.14 kg/hae1
- Outcome
- good leaf desiccatione1
- Value
- 2 dayse1
- Setting
- hot cloudy conditionse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Desiccants for Rice”
e1“Diquat at 0.28 kg/ha and paraquat at 0.14 kg/ha resulted in good leaf desiccation in 2 days under the hot cloudy conditions of the studies”
Claim · model-written summary
Diquat at 0.14 kg/ha required fewer days for desiccation than sodium chlorate at 5.04 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- diquat at 0.14 kg/hae2
- Outcome
- desiccatione2
- Direction
- lowerinferrede2
- Value
- Three dayse2
- Comparator
- sodium chlorate at 5.04 kg/hae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Desiccants for Rice”
e2“Three days were required for desiccation when diquat at 0.14 kg/ha was applied, while 4 days were required when sodium chlorate at 5.04 kg/ha was applied”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium chlorate at 5.04 kg/ha required more days for desiccation than diquat at 0.14 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- sodium chlorate at 5.04 kg/hae2
- Outcome
- desiccatione2
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Value
- 4 dayse2
- Comparator
- diquat at 0.14 kg/hae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Desiccants for Rice”
e2“Three days were required for desiccation when diquat at 0.14 kg/ha was applied, while 4 days were required when sodium chlorate at 5.04 kg/ha was applied”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate at rates up to 1.12 kg/ha did not adequately desiccate rice leaves in 7 days.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate at rates up to 1.12 kg/hae3
- Outcome
- desiccate rice leavese3
- Value
- 7 dayse3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Desiccants for Rice”
e3“Glyphosate at rates up to 1.12 kg/ha did not adequately desiccate rice leaves in 7 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Diquat at 0.56 kg/ha significantly reduced grain moisture 3 days after application to rice at 22% grain moisture.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- diquat at 0.56 kg/hae4
- Outcome
- grain moisturee4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Value
- 3 dayse4
- Qualifier
- rice with grain moisture of 22%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Desiccants for Rice”
e4“When applied to rice with grain moisture of 22%, diquat at 0.56 kg/ha, paraquat at 0.14 kg/ha, and sodium chlorate at 5.04 kg/ha significantly reduced grain moisture 3 days after application”
Claim · model-written summary
Paraquat at 0.14 kg/ha significantly reduced grain moisture 3 days after application to rice at 22% grain moisture.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- paraquat at 0.14 kg/hae4
- Outcome
- grain moisturee4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Value
- 3 dayse4
- Qualifier
- rice with grain moisture of 22%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Desiccants for Rice”
e4“When applied to rice with grain moisture of 22%, diquat at 0.56 kg/ha, paraquat at 0.14 kg/ha, and sodium chlorate at 5.04 kg/ha significantly reduced grain moisture 3 days after application”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium chlorate at 5.04 kg/ha significantly reduced grain moisture 3 days after application to rice at 22% grain moisture.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- sodium chlorate at 5.04 kg/hae4
- Outcome
- grain moisturee4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Value
- 3 dayse4
- Qualifier
- rice with grain moisture of 22%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Desiccants for Rice”
e4“When applied to rice with grain moisture of 22%, diquat at 0.56 kg/ha, paraquat at 0.14 kg/ha, and sodium chlorate at 5.04 kg/ha significantly reduced grain moisture 3 days after application”
Claim · model-written summary
Diquat at 0.14 kg/ha required 7 days to reduce grain moisture.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Diquat at 0.14 kg/hae5
- Outcome
- grain moisturee5
- Direction
- reducee5
- Value
- 7 dayse5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Desiccants for Rice”
e5“Diquat at 0.14 kg/ha and glyphosate at 1.12 kg/ha required 7 days to reduce grain moisture”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate at 1.12 kg/ha required 7 days to reduce grain moisture.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- glyphosate at 1.12 kg/hae5
- Outcome
- grain moisturee5
- Direction
- reducee5
- Value
- 7 dayse5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Desiccants for Rice”
e5“Diquat at 0.14 kg/ha and glyphosate at 1.12 kg/ha required 7 days to reduce grain moisture”
Claim · model-written summary
Paraquat at 0.14 kg/ha reduced grain moisture 7 days after application to 16.5% moisture rice.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- paraquat at 0.14 kg/hae6
- Outcome
- grain moisturee6
- Direction
- reducede6
- Value
- 7 dayse6
- Qualifier
- 16.5% moisture ricee6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Desiccants for Rice”
e6“Only paraquat at 0.14 kg/ha 7 days after application to 16.5% moisture rice reduced grain moisture”
Claim · model-written summary
Diquat at 0.28 kg/ha slightly reduced whole kernels after milling when applied to 25% grain moisture rice 7 days before harvest.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- diquat at 0.28e7
- Outcome
- Whole kernels after millinge7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Qualifier
- all applied to 25% grain moisture rice 7 days before harveste7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Desiccants for Rice”
e7“Whole kernels after milling were slightly reduced by diquat at 0.28 and 0.56 kg/ha, paraquat at 0.14 kg/ha and sodium chlorate at 5.04 kg/ha, all applied to 25% grain moisture rice 7 days before harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
Diquat at 0.56 kg/ha slightly reduced whole kernels after milling when applied to 25% grain moisture rice 7 days before harvest.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- diquat at 0.56 kg/hae4
- Outcome
- Whole kernels after millinge7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Qualifier
- all applied to 25% grain moisture rice 7 days before harveste7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Desiccants for Rice”
e7“Whole kernels after milling were slightly reduced by diquat at 0.28 and 0.56 kg/ha, paraquat at 0.14 kg/ha and sodium chlorate at 5.04 kg/ha, all applied to 25% grain moisture rice 7 days before harvest”
e4“When applied to rice with grain moisture of 22%, diquat at 0.56 kg/ha, paraquat at 0.14 kg/ha, and sodium chlorate at 5.04 kg/ha significantly reduced grain moisture 3 days after application”
Claim · model-written summary
Paraquat at 0.14 kg/ha slightly reduced whole kernels after milling when applied to 25% grain moisture rice 7 days before harvest.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- paraquat at 0.14 kg/hae7
- Outcome
- Whole kernels after millinge7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Qualifier
- all applied to 25% grain moisture rice 7 days before harveste7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Desiccants for Rice”
e7“Whole kernels after milling were slightly reduced by diquat at 0.28 and 0.56 kg/ha, paraquat at 0.14 kg/ha and sodium chlorate at 5.04 kg/ha, all applied to 25% grain moisture rice 7 days before harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium chlorate at 5.04 kg/ha slightly reduced whole kernels after milling when applied to 25% grain moisture rice 7 days before harvest.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- sodium chlorate at 5.04 kg/hae7
- Outcome
- Whole kernels after millinge7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Qualifier
- all applied to 25% grain moisture rice 7 days before harveste7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Desiccants for Rice”
e7“Whole kernels after milling were slightly reduced by diquat at 0.28 and 0.56 kg/ha, paraquat at 0.14 kg/ha and sodium chlorate at 5.04 kg/ha, all applied to 25% grain moisture rice 7 days before harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
None of the desiccants evaluated reduced grain yield, seed germination or 1,000 grain weight.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- desiccants evaluatede1
- Outcome
- grain yield, seed germination, or 1,000 grain weighte1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Desiccants for Rice”
e1“None of the desiccants evaluated reduced grain yield, seed germination, or 1,000 grain weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Diquat, paraquat and sodium chlorate may have potential as preharvest desiccants for rice.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- potential as preharvest desiccantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Desiccants for Rice”
e1“These results indicate that diquat, paraquat and sodium chlorate may have potential as preharvest desiccants for rice”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · organism · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
paraquat · soil: physics · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.