Abstract
The treatment of wheat roots with 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4‐D) led to the formation of tumour‐like structures, para ‐nodules, which were readily colonized by cyanobacteria. The amount of cyanobacteria found on 2,4‐D treated roots was 3.6 times higher than that found on untreated roots. Cyanobacteria penetrated the para ‐ nodules by migrating in between loosely arranged cells that covered their surfaces or by penetrating the space at the junction of root and para ‐nodule. In plants treated with 2,4‐D and co‐cultivated with cyanobacteria in medium without combined nitrogen, the rate of acetylene reduction was three times that seen in untreated but colonized roots. Addition of 2,4‐D itself did not change the rate of acetylene reduction in free‐living culture of Nostoc sp. strain 2S9B. In plants treated with 2,4‐D and co‐cultivated with Nostoc sp. strain 2S9B in medium without combined nitrogen the nitrogen content of roots but not shoots was significantly increased.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-D induced tumour-like para-nodules on wheat roots.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4‐D)e0
- Outcome
- formation of tumour‐like structures, para ‐nodulese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatment of wheat roots with 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4‐D) led to the formation of tumour‐like structures, para ‐nodules”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyanobacteria on treated wheat roots were 3.6 times higher than on untreated roots.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 2,4‐D treated rootse0
- Interactor
- cyanobacteriaCyanobacteriotae0symbiont
- Outcome
- amount of cyanobacteriae0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 3.6 timese0
- Comparator
- untreated rootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The amount of cyanobacteria found on 2,4‐D treated roots was 3.6 times higher than that found on untreated roots”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyanobacteria penetrated wheat para-nodules between surface cells or at the root junction.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- CyanobacteriaCyanobacteriotae0symbiont
- Outcome
- Cyanobacteria penetrated the para ‐ nodulese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cyanobacteria penetrated the para ‐ nodules by migrating in between loosely arranged cells that covered their surfaces or by penetrating the space at the junction of root and para ‐nodule”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetylene reduction in 2,4-D-treated colonized wheat roots was three times untreated colonized roots without combined nitrogen.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 2,4‐De0
- Interactor
- cyanobacteriaCyanobacteriotae0symbiont
- Outcome
- rate of acetylene reductione0
- Value
- three timese0
- Qualifier
- medium without combined nitrogene0
- Comparator
- untreated but colonized rootse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In plants treated with 2,4‐D and co‐cultivated with cyanobacteria in medium without combined nitrogen, the rate of acetylene reduction was three times that seen in untreated but colonized roots”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-D did not change acetylene reduction in free-living Nostoc culture.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 2,4‐De0
- Interactor
- Nostoc sp. strain 2S9B
Nostoc sp.e0symbiont - Outcome
- rate of acetylene reductione0
- Direction
- did not changee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of 2,4‐D itself did not change the rate of acetylene reduction in free‐living culture of Nostoc sp. strain 2S9B”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-D and Nostoc significantly increased nitrogen in wheat roots.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 2,4‐De0
- Interactor
- Nostoc sp. strain 2S9BNostoc sp.e0symbiont
- Outcome
- nitrogen content of rootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In plants treated with 2,4‐D and co‐cultivated with Nostoc sp. strain 2S9B in medium without combined nitrogen the nitrogen content of roots but not shoots was significantly increased”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-D and Nostoc did not increase nitrogen in wheat shoots.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- co‐cultivated with Nostoc sp. strain 2S9Be1
- Interactor
- Nostoc sp. strain 2S9BNostoc sp.e1symbiont
- Outcome
- nitrogen content of roots but not shootse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the nitrogen content of roots but not shoots was significantly increased”
t0“wheat”
e1“co‐cultivated with Nostoc sp. strain 2S9B”
The same questions in other papers
Nostoc · nutrient: content · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.