Abstract
Apple (Malus x domestica Borkh., cv. Gala) fruit treated with 0.5 microL x L(-1) 1-methylcyclopropene (MCP) or air (non-MCP) for 12 h at 20 degrees C were exposed to gamma radiation at doses of 0, 0.44, 0.88, or 1.32 kGy at 23 degrees C and then stored at 20 degrees C. Production of volatile compounds was measured on the day of irradiation and 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after irradiation. Both MCP treatment and irradiation inhibited ethylene production. MCP treatment reduced production of all volatile esters and alcohols detected, whereas irradiation inhibited production of most, but not all, esters and some alcohols by non-MCP-treated fruit. The inhibition of volatile production following irradiation increased with dose. Production of methyl and propyl esters was inhibited more than that of other esters following irradiation or MCP treatment. The impact of irradiation on production of esters and alcohols by MCP-treated fruit was minimal. Non-MCP-treated fruit irradiated at 0.44 kGy produced the most esters during the 21-day period at 20 degrees C following irradiation, and the ester production rate in these fruit was comparable to that of the nonirradiated fruit 21 days after irradiation. Fruit treated with doses higher than 0.44 kGy did not recover their ability to produce volatile compounds. These results indicate both MCP and ionizing radiation inhibit production of many aroma compounds produced by ripening apple fruit.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
MCP inhibited ethylene production in Gala apple fruit.
- Taxon
- Apple
Malus domesticae1 - Material
- cv. Galae1
- Organ / stage
- fruite1
- Treatment
- MCP treatmente0
- Outcome
- ethylene productione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Comparator
- air (non-MCP)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both MCP treatment and irradiation inhibited ethylene production.”
e1“Apple (Malus x domestica Borkh., cv. Gala) fruit”
e2“air (non-MCP)”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiation inhibited ethylene production in Gala apple fruit.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticae1
- Material
- cv. Galae1
- Organ / stage
- fruite1
- Treatment
- irradiatione0
- Outcome
- ethylene productione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Comparator
- 0e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both MCP treatment and irradiation inhibited ethylene production.”
e1“Apple (Malus x domestica Borkh., cv. Gala) fruit”
e2“gamma radiation at doses of 0, 0.44, 0.88, or 1.32 kGy”
Claim · model-written summary
MCP reduced all detected volatile esters and alcohols.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- MCP treatmente0
- Outcome
- production of all volatile esters and alcohols detectede0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- air (non-MCP)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MCP treatment reduced production of all volatile esters and alcohols detected”
e1“Apple (Malus x domestica Borkh., cv. Gala) fruit”
e2“air (non-MCP)”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiation inhibited most esters and some alcohols in fruit without MCP treatment.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- irradiatione0
- Outcome
- production of most, but not all, esters and some alcoholse0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Qualifier
- non-MCP-treated fruite0
- Comparator
- 0e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irradiation inhibited production of most, but not all, esters and some alcohols by non-MCP-treated fruit”
e1“Apple (Malus x domestica Borkh., cv. Gala) fruit”
e2“gamma radiation at doses of 0, 0.44, 0.88, or 1.32 kGy”
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibition of volatile production after irradiation increased with dose.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- irradiatione0
- Outcome
- inhibition of volatile productione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inhibition of volatile production following irradiation increased with dose.”
e1“Apple (Malus x domestica Borkh., cv. Gala) fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Methyl esters were inhibited more than other esters after irradiation or MCP.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- irradiation or MCP treatmente0
- Outcome
- Production of methyle0
- Direction
- inhibited moree0
- Comparator
- other esterse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Production of methyl and propyl esters was inhibited more than that of other esters following irradiation or MCP treatment.”
e1“Apple (Malus x domestica Borkh., cv. Gala) fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Propyl esters were inhibited more than other esters after irradiation or MCP.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- irradiation or MCP treatmente0
- Outcome
- propyl esterse0
- Direction
- inhibited moree0
- Comparator
- other esterse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Production of methyl and propyl esters was inhibited more than that of other esters following irradiation or MCP treatment.”
e1“Apple (Malus x domestica Borkh., cv. Gala) fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiation had minimal impact on ester and alcohol production in MCP-treated fruit.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- irradiatione0
- Outcome
- production of esters and alcoholse0
- Direction
- minimale0
- Qualifier
- MCP-treated fruite0
- Comparator
- 0e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The impact of irradiation on production of esters and alcohols by MCP-treated fruit was minimal.”
e1“Apple (Malus x domestica Borkh., cv. Gala) fruit”
e2“gamma radiation at doses of 0, 0.44, 0.88, or 1.32 kGy”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-MCP fruit irradiated at 0.44 kGy produced the most esters over 21 days.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- irradiated at 0.44 kGye0
- Outcome
- esterse0
- Direction
- moste0
- Qualifier
- 21-day period at 20 degrees Ce0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Non-MCP-treated fruit irradiated at 0.44 kGy produced the most esters during the 21-day period at 20 degrees C following irradiation”
e1“Apple (Malus x domestica Borkh., cv. Gala) fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
At 21 days, ester production in non-MCP fruit irradiated at 0.44 kGy was comparable to nonirradiated fruit.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticae2
- Treatment
- irradiated at 0.44 kGye1
- Outcome
- ester production ratee0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Qualifier
- 21 days after irradiatione0
- Comparator
- nonirradiated fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the ester production rate in these fruit was comparable to that of the nonirradiated fruit 21 days after irradiation”
e1“Non-MCP-treated fruit irradiated at 0.44 kGy”
e2“Apple (Malus x domestica Borkh., cv. Gala) fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit irradiated above 0.44 kGy did not recover volatile production.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- doses higher than 0.44 kGye0
- Outcome
- ability to produce volatile compoundse0
- Direction
- did not recovere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruit treated with doses higher than 0.44 kGy did not recover their ability to produce volatile compounds.”
e1“Apple (Malus x domestica Borkh., cv. Gala) fruit”
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