Abstract
Cotton is the leading natural fiber crop in the world. Cotton seeds are also an important oil and protein source. However, enhancement of fiber abundance usually leads to a smaller seed. Thus, it has become a challenge for cotton breeding to concurrently increase fiber yield and seed yield. To improve cotton yield, we elevated the endogenous cytokinin level in transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX), a key negative regulator controlling endogenous cytokinin in plants. The slightly and moderately suppressed transgenic cotton plants showed normal growth and development, while the severely suppressed plants exhibited a typical cytokinin-overproduction alteration. The suppression of CKX led to an enhancement of endogenous cytokinins in transgenic cotton plants. Total cytokinins in moderately suppressed lines, CR-3 and CR-6, increased by 20.4 and 55.5 % respectively, and that in the severely suppressed line (CR-13) increased by 134.2 % compared to the wild type. The moderately suppressed lines showed a delay in leaf senescence, higher photosynthesis, more fruiting branches and bolls, and bigger seed size. Field trials showed that seed yield and lint yield of the moderately suppressed CR-6 line increased by 15.4 and 20.0 %, respectively. Meanwhile, the enhanced cytokinin level in transgenic cottons did not show significant influence on fiber qualities. Our data demonstrated that CKX is a promising gene for crop yield improvement.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Slightly and moderately CKX-suppressed cotton grew and developed normally.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Material
- slightly and moderately suppressed transgenic cotton plantse0
- Outcome
- normal growth and developmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The slightly and moderately suppressed transgenic cotton plants showed normal growth and development”
Claim · model-written summary
Severely CKX-suppressed plants showed a cytokinin-overproduction phenotype.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- severely suppressed plantse0
- Outcome
- cytokinin-overproduction alteratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the severely suppressed plants exhibited a typical cytokinin-overproduction alteration”
e1“transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX)”
Claim · model-written summary
CKX suppression increased endogenous cytokinins in transgenic cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- suppression of CKXe0
- Gene
- CKXe0
- Outcome
- endogenous cytokininse0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The suppression of CKX led to an enhancement of endogenous cytokinins in transgenic cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Total cytokinins rose 20.4% in CR-3 versus wild type.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- CR-3e0
- Treatment
- moderately suppressede0
- Outcome
- Total cytokininse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 20.4e0
- Comparator
- wild typee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total cytokinins in moderately suppressed lines, CR-3 and CR-6, increased by 20.4 and 55.5 % respectively, and that in the severely suppressed line (CR-13) increased by 134.2 % compared to the wild type”
e1“transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX)”
Claim · model-written summary
Total cytokinins rose 55.5% in CR-6 versus wild type.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- CR-6e0
- Treatment
- moderately suppressede0
- Outcome
- Total cytokininse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 55.5 %e0
- Comparator
- wild typee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total cytokinins in moderately suppressed lines, CR-3 and CR-6, increased by 20.4 and 55.5 % respectively, and that in the severely suppressed line (CR-13) increased by 134.2 % compared to the wild type”
e1“transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX)”
Claim · model-written summary
Total cytokinins rose 134.2% in severely suppressed CR-13 versus wild type.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- CR-13e0
- Treatment
- severely suppressede0
- Outcome
- Total cytokininse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 134.2 %e0
- Comparator
- wild typee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total cytokinins in moderately suppressed lines, CR-3 and CR-6, increased by 20.4 and 55.5 % respectively, and that in the severely suppressed line (CR-13) increased by 134.2 % compared to the wild type”
e1“transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX)”
Claim · model-written summary
Moderately suppressed lines had delayed leaf senescence.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- moderately suppressed linese0
- Outcome
- leaf senescencee0
- Direction
- delaye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The moderately suppressed lines showed a delay in leaf senescence, higher photosynthesis, more fruiting branches and bolls, and bigger seed size”
e1“transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX)”
Claim · model-written summary
Moderately suppressed lines had higher photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- moderately suppressed linese0
- Outcome
- photosynthesise0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The moderately suppressed lines showed a delay in leaf senescence, higher photosynthesis, more fruiting branches and bolls, and bigger seed size”
e1“transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX)”
Claim · model-written summary
Moderately suppressed lines had more fruiting branches and bolls and larger seeds.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- moderately suppressed linese0
- Outcome
- fruiting branches and bolls, and bigger seed sizee0
- Direction
- moree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The moderately suppressed lines showed a delay in leaf senescence, higher photosynthesis, more fruiting branches and bolls, and bigger seed size”
e1“transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX)”
Claim · model-written summary
CR-6 seed yield increased by 15.4% in field trials.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- CR-6e0
- Treatment
- moderately suppressede0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 15.4e0
- Setting
- Field trialse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field trials showed that seed yield and lint yield of the moderately suppressed CR-6 line increased by 15.4 and 20.0 %, respectively”
e1“transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX)”
Claim · model-written summary
CR-6 lint yield increased by 20.0% in field trials.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- CR-6e0
- Treatment
- moderately suppressede0
- Outcome
- lint yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 20.0 %e0
- Setting
- Field trialse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field trials showed that seed yield and lint yield of the moderately suppressed CR-6 line increased by 15.4 and 20.0 %, respectively”
e1“transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX)”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated cytokinin did not significantly affect cotton fiber quality.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- enhanced cytokinin levele0
- Outcome
- fiber qualitiese0
- Direction
- did not show significant influencee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the enhanced cytokinin level in transgenic cottons did not show significant influence on fiber qualities”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors identify CKX as a promising target for crop yield improvement.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Gene
- CKXe0
- Outcome
- crop yield improvemente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CKX is a promising gene for crop yield improvement”
e1“transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX)”
The same questions in other papers
class · quality: grain · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
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See all 11 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.