Abstract
Abstract Corn ( Zea mays L.) producers question the relative performance: of hybrids under different previous‐crop residue management systems. The objective of this study was to assess tillage system ✕ corn hybrid interactions for hybrids commonly grown in the northern United States. Field experiments were conducted at four locations in Wisconsin during 1984 and 1985, including sites with Plano and Nickin silt loam (Typic Argiudoll) and Meridian loam (Mollic Hapludalf) soils. Fifteen hybrids with a range of maturities (90–115 days based on the Minnesota Relative Maturity System) were compared under conventional (moldboard plowing and disking)(CT) and no‐till (NT) systems, in a corn‐following‐corn sequence. Stands were thinned after emergence. No‐till resulted in cooler soil temperatures (0.8–3.8°C cooler), lower emergence percentage (7–12% lower), delayed vegetative growth [4.4 (NT) vs. 7.9 (CT) g plant −1 ], later silking (2–5 days later), and increased grain moisture (10–20 g kg −1 ) compared to CT. For grain yield, differences occurred for all main effects (locations, years, tillage systems, and hybrids), and most interactions were significant. Yields under NT were 92% (cool spring, 1984) and 96% (warm spring, 1985) of CT yields. On silt‐loam soils, NT yields were 92 to 95% of CT yields, but tillage systems had similar yields on the loam soil. Superior‐yielding hybrids under CT were also good choices with NT, although delayed growth under NT limited the yield potential of later‐maturing (100–115 days) hybrids.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
No-till cooled soil temperatures by 0.8 to 3.8 °C compared with conventional tillage in corn.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse6 - Treatment
- No‐tille1
- Outcome
- soil temperaturese1
- Direction
- coolere1
- Value
- 0.8–3.8°Ce1
- Comparator
- CTe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Corn ( Zea mays L.) producers question the relative performance”
e1“No‐till resulted in cooler soil temperatures (0.8–3.8°C cooler), lower emergence percentage (7–12% lower), delayed vegetative growth [4.4 (NT) vs. 7.9 (CT) g plant −1 ], later silking (2–5 days later), and increased grain moisture (10–20 g kg −1 ) compared to CT”
Claim · model-written summary
No-till reduced corn emergence percentage by 7 to 12% compared with conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse6
- Treatment
- No‐tille1
- Outcome
- emergence percentagee1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Value
- 7–12%e1
- Comparator
- CTe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Corn ( Zea mays L.) producers question the relative performance”
e1“No‐till resulted in cooler soil temperatures (0.8–3.8°C cooler), lower emergence percentage (7–12% lower), delayed vegetative growth [4.4 (NT) vs. 7.9 (CT) g plant −1 ], later silking (2–5 days later), and increased grain moisture (10–20 g kg −1 ) compared to CT”
Claim · model-written summary
No-till delayed corn vegetative growth, with 4.4 versus 7.9 g per plant under conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse6
- Treatment
- No‐tille1
- Outcome
- vegetative growthe1
- Direction
- delayede1
- Value
- 4.4 (NT) vs. 7.9 (CT) g plant −1e1
- Comparator
- CTe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Corn ( Zea mays L.) producers question the relative performance”
e1“No‐till resulted in cooler soil temperatures (0.8–3.8°C cooler), lower emergence percentage (7–12% lower), delayed vegetative growth [4.4 (NT) vs. 7.9 (CT) g plant −1 ], later silking (2–5 days later), and increased grain moisture (10–20 g kg −1 ) compared to CT”
Claim · model-written summary
No-till delayed corn silking by 2 to 5 days compared with conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse6
- Treatment
- No‐tille1
- Outcome
- silkinge1
- Direction
- latere1
- Value
- 2–5 days latere1
- Comparator
- CTe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Corn ( Zea mays L.) producers question the relative performance”
e1“No‐till resulted in cooler soil temperatures (0.8–3.8°C cooler), lower emergence percentage (7–12% lower), delayed vegetative growth [4.4 (NT) vs. 7.9 (CT) g plant −1 ], later silking (2–5 days later), and increased grain moisture (10–20 g kg −1 ) compared to CT”
Claim · model-written summary
No-till increased corn grain moisture by 10 to 20 g per kg compared with conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse6
- Treatment
- No‐tille1
- Outcome
- grain moisturee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 10–20 g kg −1e1
- Comparator
- CTe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Corn ( Zea mays L.) producers question the relative performance”
e1“No‐till resulted in cooler soil temperatures (0.8–3.8°C cooler), lower emergence percentage (7–12% lower), delayed vegetative growth [4.4 (NT) vs. 7.9 (CT) g plant −1 ], later silking (2–5 days later), and increased grain moisture (10–20 g kg −1 ) compared to CT”
Claim · model-written summary
Differences in corn grain yield occurred for all main effects (locations, years, tillage systems and hybrids), and most interactions were significant.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse6
- Outcome
- grain yielde4
- Qualifier
- most interactions were significante4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Corn ( Zea mays L.) producers question the relative performance”
e4“For grain yield, differences occurred for all main effects (locations, years, tillage systems, and hybrids), and most interactions were significant”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn yields under no-till were 92% of conventional-tillage yields in the cool spring of 1984.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse6
- Treatment
- NTe2
- Outcome
- Yieldse2
- Direction
- lowerinferrede2
- Value
- 92%e2
- Comparator
- CTe2
- Setting
- cool spring, 1984e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Corn ( Zea mays L.) producers question the relative performance”
e2“Yields under NT were 92% (cool spring, 1984) and 96% (warm spring, 1985) of CT yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn yields under no-till were 96% of conventional-tillage yields in the warm spring of 1985.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse6
- Treatment
- NTe2
- Outcome
- Yieldse2
- Direction
- lowerinferrede2
- Value
- 96%e2
- Comparator
- CTe2
- Setting
- warm spring, 1985e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Corn ( Zea mays L.) producers question the relative performance”
e2“Yields under NT were 92% (cool spring, 1984) and 96% (warm spring, 1985) of CT yields”
Claim · model-written summary
On silt-loam soils, no-till yields were 92 to 95% of conventional-tillage yields.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse6
- Treatment
- NTe3
- Outcome
- yieldse3
- Direction
- lowerinferrede3
- Value
- 92 to 95%e3
- Comparator
- CTe3
- Setting
- silt‐loam soilse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Corn ( Zea mays L.) producers question the relative performance”
e3“On silt‐loam soils, NT yields were 92 to 95% of CT yields, but tillage systems had similar yields on the loam soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage systems gave similar corn yields on the loam soil.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse6
- Treatment
- tillage systemse3
- Outcome
- yieldse3
- Direction
- similare3
- Setting
- loam soile3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Corn ( Zea mays L.) producers question the relative performance”
e3“On silt‐loam soils, NT yields were 92 to 95% of CT yields, but tillage systems had similar yields on the loam soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Superior-yielding corn hybrids under conventional tillage were also good choices under no-till (author suggestion).
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse6
- Outcome
- good choices with NTe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Corn ( Zea mays L.) producers question the relative performance”
e5“Superior‐yielding hybrids under CT were also good choices with NT”
Claim · model-written summary
Delayed growth under no-till limited the yield potential of later-maturing (100-115 day) corn hybrids (author interpretation).
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse6
- Outcome
- yield potential of later‐maturing (100–115 days) hybridse7
- Qualifier
- delayed growth under NTe7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Corn ( Zea mays L.) producers question the relative performance”
e7“delayed growth under NT limited the yield potential of later‐maturing (100–115 days) hybrids”
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