Paper · 1938 · Botanical Gazette

Nitrogen and Carbohydrate Metabolism of Kidney Bean Cuttings as Affected by Treatment with Indoleacetic Acid

Neil W. Stuart

7
claims
19
verbatim quotes
71
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

1. Cuttings of kidney bean seedlings were treated by immersing their bases in 0.01 per cent indoleacetic acid for 4 hours. They were then set in sand in a propagating frame for 120 hours. During this period, in comparison with control cuttings, the treatment brought about a directional shift of large amounts of nitrogen and carbohydrates from the leaves and cotyledons to other portions of the cuttings, principally to the treated hypocotyls. 2. Accompanying this mobilization of materials, the treated cuttings responded by rapid swelling of the hypocotyls, profuse root production, and a temporary suppression of top growth. Total dry weight of the treated cuttings at the end of the rooting period was slightly less than that of the controls. 3. The responses were proportional to the length of exposure and the concentration of the acid. 4. The possible importance of indoleacetic acid as a mobilizer of food material in various other growth responses is suggested.

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Claims 7

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Indoleacetic acid shifted nitrogen from leaves and cotyledons to other cutting parts, especially hypocotyls.

Taxon
kidney beanPhaseolus vulgarise1
Organ / stage
leaves and cotyledonse0
Treatment
0.01 per cent indoleacetic acid for 4 hourse1
Outcome
nitrogene0
Direction
directional shifte0
Comparator
control cuttingse2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgaris · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the treatment brought about a directional shift of large amounts of nitrogen and carbohydrates from the leaves and cotyledons to other portions of the cuttings, principally to the treated hypocotyls”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 245–443 · show in text ↑
e1

“Cuttings of kidney bean seedlings were treated by immersing their bases in 0.01 per cent indoleacetic acid for 4 hours”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 3–121 · show in text ↑
e2

“in comparison with control cuttings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 208–243 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Indoleacetic acid shifted carbohydrates from leaves and cotyledons to other cutting parts, especially hypocotyls.

Taxon
kidney beanPhaseolus vulgarise1
Treatment
0.01 per cent indoleacetic acid for 4 hourse1
Outcome
carbohydratese0
Direction
directional shifte0
Comparator
control cuttingse2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgaris · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the treatment brought about a directional shift of large amounts of nitrogen and carbohydrates from the leaves and cotyledons to other portions of the cuttings, principally to the treated hypocotyls”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 245–443 · show in text ↑
e1

“Cuttings of kidney bean seedlings were treated by immersing their bases in 0.01 per cent indoleacetic acid for 4 hours”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 3–121 · show in text ↑
e2

“in comparison with control cuttings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 208–243 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Treated cuttings showed rapid hypocotyl swelling.

Taxon
kidney beanPhaseolus vulgarise1
Treatment
0.01 per cent indoleacetic acid for 4 hourse1
Outcome
rapid swelling of the hypocotylse0
Comparator
control cuttingse2

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgaris · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the treated cuttings responded by rapid swelling of the hypocotyls”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 493–559 · show in text ↑
e1

“Cuttings of kidney bean seedlings were treated by immersing their bases in 0.01 per cent indoleacetic acid for 4 hours”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 3–121 · show in text ↑
e2

“in comparison with control cuttings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 208–243 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Treated cuttings produced profuse roots.

Taxon
kidney beanPhaseolus vulgarise1
Treatment
0.01 per cent indoleacetic acid for 4 hourse1
Outcome
profuse root productione0
Comparator
control cuttingse2

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgaris · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“profuse root production”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 561–584 · show in text ↑
e1

“Cuttings of kidney bean seedlings were treated by immersing their bases in 0.01 per cent indoleacetic acid for 4 hours”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 3–121 · show in text ↑
e2

“in comparison with control cuttings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 208–243 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Treatment temporarily suppressed top growth.

Taxon
kidney beanPhaseolus vulgarise1
Treatment
0.01 per cent indoleacetic acid for 4 hourse1
Outcome
top growthe0
Direction
suppressione0
Comparator
control cuttingse2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgaris · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“a temporary suppression of top growth”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 590–627 · show in text ↑
e1

“Cuttings of kidney bean seedlings were treated by immersing their bases in 0.01 per cent indoleacetic acid for 4 hours”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 3–121 · show in text ↑
e2

“in comparison with control cuttings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 208–243 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Treated cuttings had slightly less total dry weight than controls after rooting.

Taxon
kidney beanPhaseolus vulgarise1
Treatment
0.01 per cent indoleacetic acid for 4 hourse1
Outcome
Total dry weighte0
Direction
slightly lesse0
Comparator
controlse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgaris · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Total dry weight of the treated cuttings at the end of the rooting period was slightly less than that of the controls”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 629–746 · show in text ↑
e1

“Cuttings of kidney bean seedlings were treated by immersing their bases in 0.01 per cent indoleacetic acid for 4 hours”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 3–121 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Responses varied proportionally with acid exposure duration and concentration.

Taxon
kidney beanPhaseolus vulgarise1
Treatment
length of exposure and the concentration of the acide0
Outcome
responsese0
Direction
proportionale0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgaris · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The responses were proportional to the length of exposure and the concentration of the acid”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 751–842 · show in text ↑
e1

“Cuttings of kidney bean seedlings were treated by immersing their bases in 0.01 per cent indoleacetic acid for 4 hours”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 3–121 · show in text ↑

indole-3-acetic acid · growth · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results differ

32 papers: 18 positive, 14 negative or no effect

13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. negative

28 papers more in this group

See all 32 papers →

indole-3-acetic acid · nutrient: content · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results

3 papers: 1 positive, 2 negative or no effect

2 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. no effect
See all 3 papers →

indole-3-acetic acid · yield · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results

6 papers: 4 positive, 2 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. positive

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

indole-3-acetic acid · quality: sugar starch · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results agree

4 papers: 4 positive, 0 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive
See all 4 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.