Abstract
Abstract With continuous cultivation replacing the traditional bush‐fallowing system in the West African savannah zone, farming is becoming more fertilizer‐dependent for high yields. It is imperative that cheaper means of augmenting soil fertility be explored to supplement the use of mineral fertilizers. A rational rotation scheme will enable the crops to utilize the limited amount of fertilizers in a complementary manner. The present study evaluated the effects of nine sequences of growing cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.), sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], and groundnuts ( Arachis hypogaea L.) on soil productivity and crop nutrition at Samaru in northern Nigeria. The 8‐year study was conducted on a sandy loam soil (Typic Ustropept isohyperthermic family). The sequence treatments were: continuous sorghum, cotton, and groundnuts; sorghum followed by groundnuts or cotton; groundnuts followed by sorghum or cotton; and cotton followed by sorghum or groundnuts. All crops were supplied with adequate amounts of the appropriate basal fertilizers each year. Rotation effects on the yield of each crop were measured over 7 years and in the final year the whole field was ploughed, treated with uniform N and P fertilizers, and seeded to maize ( Zea mays L.). Earleaf samples were taken at 50% silking stage for chemical analysis. Sorghum yielded consistently higher when preceded by groundnuts than when preceded by cotton. Continuous sorghum significantly depressed yield. On the average, groundnuts performed just as well when preceded by sorghum as when preceded by cotton but yielded significantly less when continuously cropped. Cotton following sorghum consistently and, on the average, significantly outyielded cotton following groundnuts or cotton following cotton. However, continuous cotton yielded just as well as when preceded by groundnuts. The sequences which included groundnuts gave the best maize yields with the highest, 4,480 kg/ha, from the continuous groundnuts, compared to 3,570 kg/ha from continuous cotton and 2,500 kg/ha from the continuous sorghum plots. Plant tissue analysis indicated greater N availability after groundnuts followed by cotton and sorghum in that order. Most of the rotational effects especially on sorghum were most attributable to residual soil N. A continuous monoculture of any of the three crop appears inadvisable. For maximum yields, the best sequence would be groundnuts followed by sorghum and cotton in that order.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum yielded more after groundnuts than after cotton.
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sorghum yielded consistently higher when preceded by groundnuts than when preceded by cotton.”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous sorghum significantly depressed yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Continuous sorghum significantly depressed yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Groundnuts yielded similarly after sorghum or cotton.
- Taxon
- groundnuts
Arachis hypogaeae0 - Treatment
- preceded by sorghume0
- Outcome
- performed just as welle0
- Direction
- just as welle0
- Comparator
- preceded by cottone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“groundnuts performed just as well when preceded by sorghum as when preceded by cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuously cropped groundnuts yielded significantly less.
- Taxon
- groundnutsArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- continuously croppede0
- Outcome
- yieldede0
- Direction
- lesse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“groundnuts performed just as well when preceded by sorghum as when preceded by cotton but yielded significantly less when continuously cropped.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton after sorghum significantly outyielded cotton after groundnuts.
- Taxon
- Cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Treatment
- following sorghume0
- Outcome
- outyieldede0
- Direction
- outyieldede0
- Comparator
- following groundnutse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton following sorghum consistently and, on the average, significantly outyielded cotton following groundnuts or cotton following cotton.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton after sorghum significantly outyielded continuously grown cotton.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- following sorghume0
- Outcome
- outyieldede0
- Direction
- outyieldede0
- Comparator
- cotton following cottone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton following sorghum consistently and, on the average, significantly outyielded cotton following groundnuts or cotton following cotton.”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous cotton yielded as well as cotton after groundnuts.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- continuous cottone0
- Outcome
- yieldede0
- Direction
- just as welle0
- Comparator
- preceded by groundnutse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“continuous cotton yielded just as well as when preceded by groundnuts.”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yielded 4,480 kg/ha after continuous groundnuts, the highest yield among sequences.
- Treatment
- continuous groundnutse1
- Outcome
- maize yieldse1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 4,480 kg/hae1
- Comparator
- continuous cottone1
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seeded to maize ( Zea mays L.)”
e1“The sequences which included groundnuts gave the best maize yields with the highest, 4,480 kg/ha, from the continuous groundnuts, compared to 3,570 kg/ha from continuous cotton and 2,500 kg/ha from the continuous sorghum plots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yielded 3,570 kg/ha after continuous cotton.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seeded to maize ( Zea mays L.)”
e1“3,570 kg/ha from continuous cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yielded 2,500 kg/ha after continuous sorghum.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seeded to maize ( Zea mays L.)”
e1“2,500 kg/ha from the continuous sorghum plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant tissue analysis indicated greatest nitrogen availability after groundnuts, then cotton, then sorghum.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seeded to maize ( Zea mays L.)”
e1“Plant tissue analysis indicated greater N availability after groundnuts followed by cotton and sorghum in that order.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed most rotation effects, especially for sorghum, to residual soil nitrogen.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Most of the rotational effects especially on sorghum were most attributable to residual soil N.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors advise against continuous monoculture of the three crops.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Outcome
- continuous monoculturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A continuous monoculture of any of the three crop appears inadvisable.”
e1“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.), sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], and groundnuts ( Arachis hypogaea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend groundnuts followed by sorghum and cotton for maximum yields.
- Taxon
- groundnutsArachis hypogaeae0
- Outcome
- groundnuts followed by sorghum and cotton in that ordere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For maximum yields, the best sequence would be groundnuts followed by sorghum and cotton in that order.”
The same questions in other papers
rotation · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
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- positive
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See all 43 papers →rotation · yield · SorghumPositive and negative results
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 36 in the opposite direction
- positive
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See all 47 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.