Abstract
Abstract The fertilizer requirement for multiple or sequential cropping needs to be better defined. Therefore, a three‐crop field experiment was conducted on a Warden silt loam (coarse‐silty, mixed mesic, Xerollic Camborthids) to study the effects of preplant soil mineral N and rates of applied N on yield and N uptake by spring wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), turnips ( Brassica rapa L.), and sweet corn ( Zea mays L.). Spring wheat and turnips were grown sequentially in 1979 followed by sweet corn in 1980. Wheat yield was not significantly increased with over 135 kg N/ha, but near maximum yield of 7.5 Mg/ha on the yield curve was at 180 kg N/ha. The concentration of N in the straw and grain continued to increase with N rates of 180 and 270 kg/ha. Yield of turnips (roots plus tops) which reached 5.8 Mg/ha and N uptake increased with increasing N rates up to the maximum use of 270 kg/ha. Only the highest rate of N applied for wheat significantly increased yield and N uptake of the following turnip crop. Sweet corn yields increased to 23 Mg/ha with increasing N rates up to 135 kg/ha, and then leveled off, whereas N uptake increased up to 180 kg N/ha. Residual effects from N applied for previous crops increased yield and N uptake of sweet corn. Responses by corn to residual N were greatest where N was applied for both wheat and turnips and least where N was applied for spring wheat only. It was concluded that turnips benefited less than sweet corn from residual and mineralizable N. The total N uptake by three crops exceeded the amount of N applied showing that N mineralization during crop growth was an important factor in the N uptake by the crops.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat yield did not significantly increase above 135 kg N/ha.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- over 135 kg N/hae0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- not significantly increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat yield was not significantly increased with over 135 kg N/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat near maximum yield was 7.5 Mg/ha at 180 kg N/ha.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 180 kg N/hae0
- Outcome
- maximum yielde0
- Value
- 7.5 Mg/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“near maximum yield of 7.5 Mg/ha on the yield curve was at 180 kg N/ha”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat straw and grain nitrogen concentration rose with rates of 180 and 270 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N rates of 180 and 270 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- concentration of N in the straw and graine0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The concentration of N in the straw and grain continued to increase with N rates of 180 and 270 kg/ha”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Turnip yield reached 5.8 Mg/ha under increasing N rates through 270 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- turnips
.jpg?width=60)
Brassica rapa subsp. rapae0 - Treatment
- increasing N rates up to the maximum use of 270 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- Yield of turnips (roots plus tops)e0
- Value
- 5.8 Mg/hae0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Yield of turnips (roots plus tops) which reached 5.8 Mg/ha and N uptake increased with increasing N rates up to the maximum use of 270 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Turnip N uptake increased through 270 kg/ha N.
- Taxon
- turnipsBrassica rapa subsp. rapat0
- Treatment
- increasing N rates up to the maximum use of 270 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- N uptakee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N uptake increased with increasing N rates up to the maximum use of 270 kg/ha”
t0“Turnips”
Claim · model-written summary
Only the highest wheat N rate significantly increased subsequent turnip yield and uptake.
- Taxon
- turnipBrassica rapa subsp. rapae0
- Treatment
- highest rate of N applied for wheate0
- Outcome
- yield and N uptakee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Only the highest rate of N applied for wheat significantly increased yield and N uptake of the following turnip crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Sweet corn yield increased to 23 Mg/ha through 135 kg/ha N.
- Taxon
- Sweet corne0
- Treatment
- increasing N rates up to 135 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 23 Mg/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Sweet corn yields increased to 23 Mg/ha with increasing N rates up to 135 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Sweet corn yield then leveled off at higher N rates.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Sweet corn yields increased to 23 Mg/ha with increasing N rates up to 135 kg/ha, and then leveled off”
Claim · model-written summary
Sweet corn N uptake rose through 180 kg N/ha.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“N uptake increased up to 180 kg N/ha”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Residual N from previous crops increased sweet corn yield and N uptake.
- Taxon
- sweet corne0
- Treatment
- N applied for previous cropse0
- Outcome
- yield and N uptakee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Residual effects from N applied for previous crops increased yield and N uptake of sweet corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn response to residual N was greatest after N applications to both wheat and turnips and least after wheat alone.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Outcome
- Responses by corn to residual Ne0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Qualifier
- where N was applied for both wheat and turnips and least where N was applied for spring wheat onlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Responses by corn to residual N were greatest where N was applied for both wheat and turnips and least where N was applied for spring wheat only”
Claim · model-written summary
Turnips benefited less than sweet corn from residual and mineralizable N.
- Taxon
- turnipsBrassica rapa subsp. rapae0
- Outcome
- benefited lesse0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- sweet corne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“turnips benefited less than sweet corn from residual and mineralizable N”
Claim · model-written summary
Total N uptake by the three crops exceeded applied N.
Verbatim
e0“The total N uptake by three crops exceeded the amount of N applied”
t0“Wheat, Turnips, and Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors attributed part of crop N uptake to mineralization during growth.
Verbatim
e0“N mineralization during crop growth was an important factor in the N uptake by the crops”
t0“Wheat, Turnips, and Sweet Corn”
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