Abstract
Bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) is the most threatening disease of tomato in tropical regions and causes great loss to the tomato industry in open and protected cultivation. This study aimed to develop an eco-friendly management module for bacterial wilt of tomato for the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in India. For this, three experiments were conducted at the Central Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India, on genotype screening, grafting technique and growing media during 2009–2012. Among 70 genotypes tested, none were found to be resistant against R. solanacearum and had high level of incidence (41.5–94.2%). Graft compatibility of tomato was observed with Solanum torvum and Solanum melongena, which showed high level of bacterial wilt tolerance with 0.0% and 5.5% incidence, respectively. Cocopeat-based growing media significantly (p < 0.05) reduced bacterial wilt incidence (15.0–45.0%) compared with controls (40.0–56.7%) in potted tomatoes. Fruit yield from individual plants was negatively affected in grafted plants while a significant (p < 0.05) increase was recorded from tomatoes in cocopeat-based growing media. Both options reduce wilt incidence significantly (p < 0.05) and maintained the plant population with increased yield per unit area. These trials suggested three modules against bacterial wilt; first, tolerant genotype+grafting on S. torvum or S. melongena rootstocks+growing on cocopeat–vermicompost–lime (1.0:1.0:0.01) media; second, tolerant genotype+cocopeat–vermicompost–lime (1.0:1.0:0.01) media; and third tolerant genotype+grafting on S. torvum or S. melongena rootstocks. These are cost-effective and locally available eco-friendly modules, which can be adopted in bacterial wilt prone areas of tropical islands.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
None of 70 tomato genotypes resisted R. solanacearum; wilt incidence ranged from 41.5 to 94.2%.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Material
- 70 genotypese0
- Interactor
- R. solanacearum
Ralstonia solanacearume0pathogen - Outcome
- incidencee0
- Value
- 41.5–94.2%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among 70 genotypes tested, none were found to be resistant against R. solanacearum and had high level of incidence (41.5–94.2%).”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato grafts were compatible with Solanum torvum.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Interactor
- Solanum torvum
Solanum torvume0other - Outcome
- Graft compatibilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Graft compatibility of tomato was observed with Solanum torvum and Solanum melongena”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato grafts were compatible with Solanum melongena.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Interactor
- Solanum melongena
Solanum melongenae0other - Outcome
- Graft compatibilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Graft compatibility of tomato was observed with Solanum torvum and Solanum melongena”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato grafted on Solanum torvum had 0.0% bacterial wilt incidence.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Solanum torvume0
- Interactor
- Solanum torvumSolanum torvume0other
- Outcome
- bacterial wilte0
- Direction
- tolerancee0
- Value
- 0.0%e0
Not reportedSecond interactorComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Graft compatibility of tomato was observed with Solanum torvum and Solanum melongena, which showed high level of bacterial wilt tolerance with 0.0% and 5.5% incidence, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato grafted on Solanum melongena had 5.5% bacterial wilt incidence.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Solanum melongenae0
- Interactor
- Solanum melongenaSolanum melongenae0other
- Outcome
- bacterial wilte0
- Direction
- tolerancee0
- Value
- 5.5%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Graft compatibility of tomato was observed with Solanum torvum and Solanum melongena, which showed high level of bacterial wilt tolerance with 0.0% and 5.5% incidence, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cocopeat-based media significantly reduced bacterial wilt incidence in potted tomatoes compared with controls.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Cocopeat-based growing mediae0
- Outcome
- bacterial wilt incidencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 15.0–45.0%e0
- Qualifier
- 40.0–56.7%e0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cocopeat-based growing media significantly (p < 0.05) reduced bacterial wilt incidence (15.0–45.0%) compared with controls (40.0–56.7%) in potted tomatoes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafted tomato plants produced less fruit yield per individual plant.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- grafted plantse0
- Outcome
- Fruit yield from individual plantse0
- Direction
- negatively affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruit yield from individual plants was negatively affected in grafted plants”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Cocopeat-based media significantly increased tomato fruit yield per plant.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- cocopeat-based growing mediae0
- Outcome
- Fruit yielde1
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a significant (p < 0.05) increase was recorded from tomatoes in cocopeat-based growing media”
e1“Fruit yield from individual plants was negatively affected in grafted plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting and cocopeat media each significantly reduced wilt incidence.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Both optionse0
- Outcome
- wilt incidencee0
- Direction
- reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both options reduce wilt incidence significantly (p < 0.05)”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The management options maintained tomato plant population.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Both optionse0
- Outcome
- plant populatione0
- Direction
- maintainede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both options reduce wilt incidence significantly (p < 0.05) and maintained the plant population with increased yield per unit area.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The management options increased tomato yield per unit area.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Both optionse0
- Outcome
- yield per unit areae0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both options reduce wilt incidence significantly (p < 0.05) and maintained the plant population with increased yield per unit area.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend a tolerant genotype grafted on S. torvum or S. melongena and grown in cocopeat–vermicompost–lime media.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- tolerant genotype+grafting on S. torvum or S. melongena rootstocks+growing on cocopeat–vermicompost–lime (1.0:1.0:0.01) mediae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“first, tolerant genotype+grafting on S. torvum or S. melongena rootstocks+growing on cocopeat–vermicompost–lime (1.0:1.0:0.01) media”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend a tolerant genotype grown in cocopeat–vermicompost–lime media.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- tolerant genotype+cocopeat–vermicompost–lime (1.0:1.0:0.01) mediae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“second, tolerant genotype+cocopeat–vermicompost–lime (1.0:1.0:0.01) media”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend a tolerant genotype grafted on S. torvum or S. melongena rootstocks.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- tolerant genotype+grafting on S. torvum or S. melongena rootstockse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“third tolerant genotype+grafting on S. torvum or S. melongena rootstocks”
t0“tomato”
The same questions in other papers
Solanum melongena · disease · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Solanum torvum · disease · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
in vitro · disease · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →growing medium · disease · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
24 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
25 papers more in this group
See all 29 papers →in vitro · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
45 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- negative
56 papers more in this group
See all 60 papers →growing medium · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
111 papers in the same direction as this paper · 21 in the opposite direction · 8 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
137 papers more in this group
See all 141 papers →grafting · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
24 papers in the same direction as this paper · 151 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
172 papers more in this group
See all 176 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.