Abstract
Crop growth and developmental rate around the pre-heading phase are important for determining grain yield potential in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and other crop cereals. The photothermal quotient, Q (ratio between photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and temperature) around the flowering period has been found to be a good predictor of grain number per unit area under potential growing conditions when both solar radiation and temperature vary, but not under suboptimal nitrogen (N) conditions. Under suboptimal conditions, Q might not account for differences in grain number due to modifications in radiation-use efficiency (RUE), biomass partitioning between vegetative and reproductive organs, fruiting efficiency, and/or a combination of these factors. This paper aims at providing insights into how grain yield is defined during the pre-heading phase in 2- and 6-row barleys under contrasting N and radiation environments, using a model proposed by RA Fischer for grain number determination. Nitrogen and radiation treatments affected grain number, and consequently grain yield, through changes in spike biomass at heading, and not by a direct N effect. When low and high N conditions were included, Q poorly explained variations in grain number. Nitrogen increased RUE during the pre-heading phase. When accumulated PAR intercepted between the maximum number of spikelet primordia and heading stages (PARia) was considered together with RUE, the accuracy of the model was increased. Nitrogen slightly increased biomass partitioning between reproductive and vegetative organs, but it was not strong enough to improve the model between PARia and grain number. In the case of fruiting efficiency, genotype × N and shading × N interactions highlighted that this trait was maximised when 6-rowed barleys and shading were imposed under the high N treatment.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen and radiation altered grain number through spike biomass at heading.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree1 - Organ / stage
- spikee0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen and radiation treatmentse0
- Outcome
- grain numbere0
- Direction
- affectede0
- Qualifier
- through changes in spike biomass at headinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen and radiation treatments affected grain number, and consequently grain yield, through changes in spike biomass at heading, and not by a direct N effect.”
e1“grain yield potential in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen and radiation altered grain yield through spike biomass at heading.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Organ / stage
- spikee0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen and radiation treatmentse0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen and radiation treatments affected grain number, and consequently grain yield, through changes in spike biomass at heading, and not by a direct N effect.”
e1“grain yield potential in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Q poorly explained grain-number variation across low and high N conditions.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Outcome
- poorly explained variations in grain numbere0
- Qualifier
- low and high N conditionse0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When low and high N conditions were included, Q poorly explained variations in grain number.”
e1“grain yield potential in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen increased radiation-use efficiency before heading.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Organ / stage
- pre-heading phasee0
- Treatment
- Nitrogene0
- Outcome
- RUEe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen increased RUE during the pre-heading phase.”
e1“grain yield potential in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Including intercepted PAR and RUE increased model accuracy.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Outcome
- accuracy of the modele0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When accumulated PAR intercepted between the maximum number of spikelet primordia and heading stages (PARia) was considered together with RUE, the accuracy of the model was increased.”
e1“grain yield potential in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen slightly increased biomass partitioning toward reproductive organs.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- Nitrogene0
- Outcome
- biomass partitioning between reproductive and vegetative organse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- slightlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen slightly increased biomass partitioning between reproductive and vegetative organs, but it was not strong enough to improve the model between PARia and grain number.”
e1“grain yield potential in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The partitioning change did not improve the PARia to grain number model.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Outcome
- improve the model between PARia and grain numbere0
- Direction
- not strong enoughe0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it was not strong enough to improve the model between PARia and grain number.”
e1“grain yield potential in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruiting efficiency was maximized for six-row barley with shading under high nitrogen.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- 6-rowed barleyse0
- Treatment
- shadinge0
- Outcome
- fruiting efficiencye0
- Direction
- maximisede0
- Qualifier
- high N treatmente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the case of fruiting efficiency, genotype × N and shading × N interactions highlighted that this trait was maximised when 6-rowed barleys and shading were imposed under the high N treatment.”
t0“barleys”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · growth · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results differ
65 papers in the same direction as this paper · 42 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
106 papers more in this group
See all 110 papers →shade · phenology · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.