Abstract
Abstract Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), one of the important grain legumes in the semi-arid and arid tropics, appears to exhibit a low response to P application even when the content in available P in soil is low. In order to analyze the cause of the low response of chickpea to P application, the growth and nutrient uptake of the plant were examined in relation to the infection of indigenous vesicular-arbuscular (VA) mycorrhizal fungi, using a sterilized sub-soil sample of an Ando-soil to which different levels of P had been applied in pot condition. Small amounts of surface soil from the field, and spores of Gigaspora gregaria collected from the same soil were used as the inoculum. Correlation between VA mycorrhizal infection and shoot growth and P % in shoots was significantly positive when P was applied at a level below 200 mg/800 g dry soil (<around 8 ppm by Bray II-P), but negative when 2,000 mg P was supplied. As compared with maize (Zea mays L.), chickpea seemed to have a more efficient relationship with VA mycorrhizal fungi. VA mycorrhizal infection significantly reduced the defoliation of chickpea at the earlier stage of flowering, irrespective of the infection level and P % in shoots. VA mycorrhizal infection may also promote the photosynthetic activity at the pod filling stage of chickpea, presumably due to the continuous uptake of P from soil.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal infection correlated positively with chickpea shoot growth below 200 mg phosphorus per 800 g dry soil.
- Taxon
- Chickpea
Cicer arietinume0 - Treatment
- P was applied at a level below 200 mg/800 g dry soile1
- Interactor
- VA mycorrhizale1symbiont
- Outcome
- shoot growthe1
- Direction
- positivee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
e1“Correlation between VA mycorrhizal infection and shoot growth and P % in shoots was significantly positive when P was applied at a level below 200 mg/800 g dry soil (<around 8 ppm by Bray II-P), but negative when 2,000 mg P was supplied.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal infection correlated positively with phosphorus percentage in chickpea shoots below 200 mg phosphorus per 800 g dry soil.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- P was applied at a level below 200 mg/800 g dry soile1
- Interactor
- VA mycorrhizale1symbiont
- Outcome
- P % in shootse1
- Direction
- positivee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
e1“Correlation between VA mycorrhizal infection and shoot growth and P % in shoots was significantly positive when P was applied at a level below 200 mg/800 g dry soil (<around 8 ppm by Bray II-P), but negative when 2,000 mg P was supplied.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 2,000 mg phosphorus, mycorrhizal infection correlated negatively with chickpea shoot growth.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- 2,000 mg Pe1
- Interactor
- VA mycorrhizale1symbiont
- Outcome
- shoot growthe1
- Direction
- negativee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
e1“Correlation between VA mycorrhizal infection and shoot growth and P % in shoots was significantly positive when P was applied at a level below 200 mg/800 g dry soil (<around 8 ppm by Bray II-P), but negative when 2,000 mg P was supplied.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 2,000 mg phosphorus, mycorrhizal infection correlated negatively with phosphorus percentage in chickpea shoots.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- 2,000 mg Pe1
- Interactor
- VA mycorrhizale1symbiont
- Outcome
- P % in shootse1
- Direction
- negativee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
e1“Correlation between VA mycorrhizal infection and shoot growth and P % in shoots was significantly positive when P was applied at a level below 200 mg/800 g dry soil (<around 8 ppm by Bray II-P), but negative when 2,000 mg P was supplied.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chickpea appeared to have a more efficient relationship with VA mycorrhizal fungi than maize.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Interactor
- VA mycorrhizal fungie0symbiont
- Outcome
- efficient relationship with VA mycorrhizal fungie0
- Direction
- more efficiente0
- Comparator
- maizee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As compared with maize (Zea mays L.), chickpea seemed to have a more efficient relationship with VA mycorrhizal fungi.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal infection significantly reduced chickpea defoliation at early flowering regardless of infection level and shoot phosphorus percentage.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Organ / stage
- earlier stage of floweringe0
- Treatment
- VA mycorrhizal infectione0
- Interactor
- VA mycorrhizale0symbiont
- Outcome
- defoliation of chickpeae0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- irrespective of the infection level and P % in shootse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“VA mycorrhizal infection significantly reduced the defoliation of chickpea at the earlier stage of flowering, irrespective of the infection level and P % in shoots.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest mycorrhizal infection may promote chickpea photosynthesis at pod filling through continued phosphorus uptake.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Organ / stage
- pod filling stagee0
- Interactor
- VA mycorrhizale0symbiont
- Outcome
- photosynthetic activitye0
- Qualifier
- continuous uptake of P from soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“VA mycorrhizal infection may also promote the photosynthetic activity at the pod filling stage of chickpea, presumably due to the continuous uptake of P from soil.”
The same questions in other papers
mycorrhiza · pest · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.