Abstract
Abstract Increased downy brome (Bromus tectorum) infestation is one of the dominant impediments to adoption of conservation tillage. Surface residues often increase grassy weed competition and lower the yield of cereal crops. Crop residue and fertilizer placement effects on downy brome growth and nutrient uptake in relation to that of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were conducted in two separate years; one involving conventional (plow) tillage and the other no‐till. Crop residue (burning versus no burning) and fertilizer placement (broadcasting versus subsurface banding) differentials were present both years. The conventional‐till study also included nitrogen (N) rates from 0 to 168 kg/ha and an N only versus nitrogen+phosphorus+sulfur (N+P+S) comparison. Burning increased early‐spring wheat growth substantially, with only limited effect on downy brome population or growth. Broadcasting of fertilizer increased downy brome density and growth compared to banding. Wheat, in contrast, had greater growth and higher N uptake from banded fertilizer. Increasing N increased both seedling survival and culm production of downy brome. Addition of N+P+S increased both wheat and downy brome growth more than N applied alone, but wheat appeared more responsive. Wheat yield tended to be less with higher downy brome infestation.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Burning substantially increased early-spring wheat growth.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Burninge0
- Outcome
- early‐spring wheat growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Burning increased early‐spring wheat growth substantially”
Claim · model-written summary
Burning had limited effects on downy brome population or growth.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Burninge0
- Interactor
- downy brome
Bromus tectorume0weed - Outcome
- downy brome population or growthe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“Burning increased early‐spring wheat growth substantially, with only limited effect on downy brome population or growth.”
Claim · model-written summary
Broadcast fertilizer increased downy brome density and growth compared with banding.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Broadcasting of fertilizere0
- Interactor
- downy bromeBromus tectorume0weed
- Outcome
- downy brome density and growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- bandinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“Broadcasting of fertilizer increased downy brome density and growth compared to banding.”
Claim · model-written summary
Banded fertilizer increased wheat growth and nitrogen uptake.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- banded fertilizere0
- Outcome
- growth and higher N uptakee0
- Direction
- greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat, in contrast, had greater growth and higher N uptake from banded fertilizer.”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrogen increased downy brome seedling survival and culm production.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Increasing Ne0
- Interactor
- downy bromeBromus tectorume0weed
- Outcome
- seedling survival and culm production of downy bromee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“Increasing N increased both seedling survival and culm production of downy brome.”
Claim · model-written summary
N+P+S increased wheat growth more than N alone.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Addition of N+P+Se0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- N applied alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of N+P+S increased both wheat and downy brome growth more than N applied alone”
Claim · model-written summary
N+P+S increased downy brome growth more than N alone.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Addition of N+P+Se0
- Interactor
- downy bromeBromus tectorume0weed
- Outcome
- downy brome growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- N applied alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“Addition of N+P+S increased both wheat and downy brome growth more than N applied alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat appeared more responsive than downy brome to N+P+S.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- more responsivee0
- Direction
- more responsivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but wheat appeared more responsive”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat yield tended to be lower with higher downy brome infestation.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- downy bromeBromus tectorume0weed
- Outcome
- Wheat yielde0
- Direction
- lesse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat yield tended to be less with higher downy brome infestation.”
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