Abstract
Cabbage production is seldom undertaken in southern Nigeria due to difficult climatic conditions and stress from pests and diseases. To increase producer confidence in cabbage production, appropriate insecticides to minimize insect pest damage and increase yield were tested. The trials were carried out during the 2004 and 2006 rainy seasons. The synthetic insecticides chlorpyrifos (Termex®), cypermethrin+acetamiprid (Conquest®), and the natural insecticide neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) seed oil extract were used. The insecticides significantly reduced the populations of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L., and the cabbage head caterpillar, Crocidolomia binotalis Zeller. There was an increase in male adult diamondback moth populations during cabbage head formation and a decrease after harvest. Thereafter, a slight population increase was observed in the regrowth. The percentage of plants with unmarketable heads was lower for plots treated with chlorpyrifos in 2004 than in the control only. In 2006, the treated plots had significantly lower percentages of plants with damaged heads. Plots treated with chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin+acetamiprid, or neem seed oil extract had higher yields than the untreated plots, although these were not significantly different.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Insecticides significantly reduced diamondback moth populations on cabbage.
- Taxon
- Cabbage
Brassica oleracea var. capitatat0 - Treatment
- insecticidese0
- Interactor
- Plutella xylostella L.e0pest
- Outcome
- populations of diamondback mothe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The insecticides significantly reduced the populations of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L., and the cabbage head caterpillar, Crocidolomia binotalis Zeller.”
t0“Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Insecticides significantly reduced cabbage head caterpillar populations.
- Taxon
- CabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatat0
- Treatment
- insecticidese0
- Interactor
- Crocidolomia binotalis Zellere0pest
- Outcome
- cabbage head caterpillare0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The insecticides significantly reduced the populations of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L., and the cabbage head caterpillar, Crocidolomia binotalis Zeller.”
t0“Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Male adult diamondback moth populations rose during cabbage head formation.
- Taxon
- CabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatat0
- Organ / stage
- cabbage head formatione0
- Interactor
- diamondback moth
Plutella xylostellae0pest - Outcome
- male adult diamondback moth populationse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was an increase in male adult diamondback moth populations during cabbage head formation and a decrease after harvest.”
t0“Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Male adult diamondback moth populations fell after cabbage harvest.
- Taxon
- CabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatat0
- Organ / stage
- after harveste0
- Interactor
- diamondback mothPlutella xylostellae0pest
- Outcome
- male adult diamondback moth populationse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was an increase in male adult diamondback moth populations during cabbage head formation and a decrease after harvest.”
t0“Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Diamondback moth populations increased slightly during cabbage regrowth.
- Taxon
- CabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatat0
- Organ / stage
- regrowthe0
- Outcome
- population increasee0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Thereafter, a slight population increase was observed in the regrowth.”
t0“Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorpyrifos reduced the share of cabbage plants with unmarketable heads in 2004.
- Taxon
- CabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatat0
- Treatment
- chlorpyrifose0
- Outcome
- percentage of plants with unmarketable headse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- 2004e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The percentage of plants with unmarketable heads was lower for plots treated with chlorpyrifos in 2004 than in the control only.”
t0“Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Treated cabbage plots had significantly fewer damaged heads in 2006.
- Taxon
- CabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatat0
- Treatment
- treated plotse0
- Outcome
- percentages of plants with damaged headse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- 2006e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 2006, the treated plots had significantly lower percentages of plants with damaged heads.”
t0“Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorpyrifos increased cabbage yield without a significant difference.
- Taxon
- CabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatat0
- Treatment
- chlorpyrifose0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- untreated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plots treated with chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin+acetamiprid, or neem seed oil extract had higher yields than the untreated plots, although these were not significantly different.”
t0“Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Cypermethrin plus acetamiprid increased cabbage yield without a significant difference.
- Taxon
- CabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatat0
- Treatment
- cypermethrin+acetamipride0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- untreated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plots treated with chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin+acetamiprid, or neem seed oil extract had higher yields than the untreated plots, although these were not significantly different.”
t0“Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem seed oil extract increased cabbage yield without a significant difference.
- Taxon
- CabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatat0
- Treatment
- neem seed oil extracte0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- untreated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plots treated with chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin+acetamiprid, or neem seed oil extract had higher yields than the untreated plots, although these were not significantly different.”
t0“Cabbage”
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