Abstract
A greenhouse experiment was conducted to examine the effect of foliar application of triacontanol (TRIA) on two cultivars (cv. S-24 and MH-97) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at different growth stages. Plants were grown in full strength Hoagland's nutrient solution under salt stress (150 mM NaCl) or control (0 mM NaCl) conditions. Three TRIA concentrations (0, 10, and 20 μM) were sprayed over leaves at three different growth stages, i.e. vegetative (V), boot (B), and vegetative + boot (VB) stages (two sprays on same plants, i.e., the first at 30-d-old plants and the second 78-d-old plants). Salt stress decreased significantly growth, net photosynthetic rate (P N), transpiration rate (E), chlorophyll contents (Chl a and b), and electron transport rate (ETR), while membrane permeability increased in both wheat cultivars. Stomatal conductance (g s) decreased only in salt-sensitive cv. MH-97 under saline conditions. Foliar application of TRIA at different growth stages enhanced significantly the growth, P N, g s, Chl a and b contents, and ETR, while membrane permeability was reduced in both cultivars under salt stress. Of various growth stages, foliar-applied TRIA was comparatively more effective when it was applied at V and VB stages. Overall, 10 μM TRIA concentration was the most efficient in reducing negative effects of salinity stress in both wheat cultivars. The cv. S-24 showed the better growth and ETR, while cv. MH-97 exhibited higher nonphotochemical quenching.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced growth, photosynthesis and transpiration in both cultivars.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- growth, net photosynthetic rate (P N), transpiration rate (E)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress decreased significantly growth, net photosynthetic rate (P N), transpiration rate (E), chlorophyll contents (Chl a and b), and electron transport rate (ETR)”
t0“wheat under saline conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced chlorophyll content and electron transport rate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contents (Chl a and b), and electron transport rate (ETR)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress decreased significantly growth, net photosynthetic rate (P N), transpiration rate (E), chlorophyll contents (Chl a and b), and electron transport rate (ETR)”
t0“wheat under saline conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased membrane permeability.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- salt stresse1
- Outcome
- membrane permeabilitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“membrane permeability increased in both wheat cultivars”
t0“wheat under saline conditions”
e1“Salt stress decreased significantly growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity reduced stomatal conductance only in MH-97.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- cv. MH-97e0
- Treatment
- saline conditionse0
- Outcome
- Stomatal conductance (g s)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stomatal conductance (g s) decreased only in salt-sensitive cv. MH-97 under saline conditions”
t0“wheat under saline conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
TRIA increased growth, photosynthesis and stomatal conductance under salt stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Foliar application of TRIAe0
- Outcome
- growth, P N, g se0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar application of TRIA at different growth stages enhanced significantly the growth, P N, g s, Chl a and b contents, and ETR”
t0“wheat under saline conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
TRIA increased chlorophyll content and electron transport under salt stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Foliar application of TRIAe0
- Outcome
- Chl a and b contents, and ETRe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar application of TRIA at different growth stages enhanced significantly the growth, P N, g s, Chl a and b contents, and ETR”
t0“wheat under saline conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
TRIA reduced membrane permeability under salt stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- TRIAt0
- Outcome
- membrane permeabilitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“membrane permeability was reduced in both cultivars under salt stress”
t0“triacontanol on growth, gas exchange characteristics, and chlorophyll fluorescence at different growth stages in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
TRIA was more effective at vegetative and vegetative-plus-boot stages.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- V and VB stagese0
- Treatment
- foliar-applied TRIAe0
- Outcome
- comparatively more effectivee0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar-applied TRIA was comparatively more effective when it was applied at V and VB stages”
t0“wheat under saline conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
The 10 μM TRIA concentration most efficiently mitigated salt stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 10 μM TRIA concentratione0
- Outcome
- negative effects of salinity stresse0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“10 μM TRIA concentration was the most efficient in reducing negative effects of salinity stress in both wheat cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
S-24 had better growth and electron transport than MH-97.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- cv. S-24e0
- Outcome
- growth and ETRe0
- Direction
- bettere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The cv. S-24 showed the better growth and ETR”
t0“wheat under saline conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
MH-97 had higher nonphotochemical quenching.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- cv. MH-97e0
- Outcome
- nonphotochemical quenchinge0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cv. MH-97 exhibited higher nonphotochemical quenching”
t0“wheat under saline conditions”
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