Abstract
The effect of organic manure on the community of mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was evaluated in maize, cowpea and cotton intercropping systems in a semi-arid region of Brazil over two consecutive years. The experiment was conducted using a randomized block design with four replicates and six soil treatments: (M) goat manure incorporated in the soil before planting; (G) gliricidia prunings incorporated before planting; (M+G) manure and gliricidia incorporated before planting; (GS) gliricidia applied on the soil surface 45 days after planting; (M+GS) manure incorporated before planting and gliricidia applied to the surface 45 days after planting; and (C) control treatment without incorporation. It was not possible to identify the best treatment for both years in terms of spore density, mycorrhizal colonization and glomalin content. However, there was a significant effect from the fertilization treatments when compared to the control in most treatments. In both years, M+GS favored glomalin and AMF sporulation in the cotton plots. In the second year, which had low rainfall, there was an increase in production of spores, glomalin, colonization and AMF species richness irrespective of soil incorporation and culture. Plots that were fertilized with manure presented greater AMF species richness regardless of the year and crop type.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
No best treatment could be identified across both years for spore density, colonization and glomalin.
- Taxon
- maize, cowpea and cotton
Gossypium hirsutum
Vigna unguiculata
Zea mayst0 - Interactor
- mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)e1symbiont
- Outcome
- spore density, mycorrhizal colonization and glomalin contente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It was not possible to identify the best treatment for both years in terms of spore density, mycorrhizal colonization and glomalin content.”
t0“maize, cowpea and cotton”
e1“mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)”
Claim · model-written summary
Most fertilization treatments had a significant effect relative to control.
- Taxon
- maize, cowpea and cottonGossypium hirsutumVigna unguiculataZea mayst0
- Treatment
- fertilization treatmentse0
- Outcome
- significant effecte0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was a significant effect from the fertilization treatments when compared to the control in most treatments.”
t0“maize, cowpea and cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
M+GS favored glomalin in cotton plots in both years.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- M+GSe0
- Outcome
- glomaline0
- Direction
- favorede0
- Qualifier
- both yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both years, M+GS favored glomalin and AMF sporulation in the cotton plots.”
Claim · model-written summary
M+GS favored AMF sporulation in cotton plots in both years.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- M+GSe0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- AMF sporulatione0
- Direction
- favorede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both years, M+GS favored glomalin and AMF sporulation in the cotton plots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Spore production increased in the low rainfall second year irrespective of incorporation and crop.
- Taxon
- maize, cowpea and cottonGossypium hirsutumVigna unguiculataZea mayst0
- Interactor
- AMFe2symbiont
- Outcome
- production of sporese0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- low rainfalle0
- Setting
- semi-arid region of Brazile1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the second year, which had low rainfall, there was an increase in production of spores, glomalin, colonization and AMF species richness irrespective of soil incorporation and culture.”
t0“maize, cowpea and cotton”
e1“semi-arid region of Brazil”
e2“colonization and AMF species richness”
Claim · model-written summary
Glomalin increased in the low rainfall second year.
- Taxon
- maize, cowpea and cottonGossypium hirsutumVigna unguiculataZea mayst0
- Treatment
- soil incorporatione0
- Outcome
- glomaline0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- low rainfalle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the second year, which had low rainfall, there was an increase in production of spores, glomalin, colonization and AMF species richness irrespective of soil incorporation and culture.”
t0“maize, cowpea and cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Colonization increased in the low rainfall second year.
- Taxon
- maize, cowpea and cottonGossypium hirsutumVigna unguiculataZea mayst0
- Treatment
- soil incorporatione0
- Outcome
- colonizatione0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- low rainfalle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the second year, which had low rainfall, there was an increase in production of spores, glomalin, colonization and AMF species richness irrespective of soil incorporation and culture.”
t0“maize, cowpea and cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF species richness increased in the low rainfall second year.
- Taxon
- maize, cowpea and cottonGossypium hirsutumVigna unguiculataZea mayst0
- Treatment
- soil incorporatione0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- AMF species richnesse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- low rainfalle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the second year, which had low rainfall, there was an increase in production of spores, glomalin, colonization and AMF species richness irrespective of soil incorporation and culture.”
t0“maize, cowpea and cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure fertilization increased AMF species richness across years and crop types.
- Taxon
- maize, cowpea and cottonGossypium hirsutumVigna unguiculataZea mayst0
- Treatment
- manuree0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- AMF species richnesse0
- Direction
- greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plots that were fertilized with manure presented greater AMF species richness regardless of the year and crop type.”
t0“maize, cowpea and cotton”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · ecology: diversity · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →fertilization · ecology: diversity · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.