Abstract
Power generation by roof-mounted photovoltaic (PV) modules may provide additional income to farmers if the crop production is comparable to production under normal greenhouse conditions. However, fluctuating irradiance caused by the partial shade of PV modules has been reported to reduce crop production. In the present study, we have shown for the first time the possibility of improving lettuce growth by using light diffusion films under roof-mounted PV modules. The effects of different light conditions (direct but fluctuating and diffused but uniform irradiations) under PV modules on the morphology, yield, and photosynthesis of hydroponically grown lettuce were investigated. Lettuce growth was inhibited, resulting in lower dry weight and relative growth rate (RGR) with longer leaves, under the fluctuating light by roof-mounted PV modules compared to normal greenhouse conditions. On the other hand, the ratio of leaf width to length increased under diffused light conditions and the values were comparable to those in the control in spring, summer, and fall cultivations. Although the net photosynthetic rate of fully expanded leaves of lettuce grown under diffused light was lowest, their dry weight and RGR were comparable to the control in summer and fall cultivations. Diffused light might penetrate into the lower layers of the leaf canopy, thereby increasing the CO2 fixation of the whole canopy. Our results suggest that the application of light diffusion films is a viable option for improving crop productivity under roof-mounted PV modules.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Fluctuating light under photovoltaic modules reduced lettuce dry weight and relative growth rate relative to greenhouse conditions.
- Taxon
- Lettuce
Lactuca sativae0 - Treatment
- fluctuating light by roof-mounted PV modulese0
- Outcome
- dry weight and relative growth rate (RGR)e0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- normal greenhouse conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lettuce growth was inhibited, resulting in lower dry weight and relative growth rate (RGR) with longer leaves, under the fluctuating light by roof-mounted PV modules compared to normal greenhouse conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluctuating light under photovoltaic modules produced longer lettuce leaves.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- fluctuating light by roof-mounted PV modulese0
- Outcome
- leavese0
- Direction
- longere0
- Comparator
- normal greenhouse conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with longer leaves, under the fluctuating light by roof-mounted PV modules compared to normal greenhouse conditions”
t0“lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
Diffused light increased the lettuce leaf width-to-length ratio, with values comparable to controls across seasons.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- diffused light conditionse0
- Outcome
- ratio of leaf width to lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- spring, summer, and fall cultivationse0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the ratio of leaf width to length increased under diffused light conditions and the values were comparable to those in the control in spring, summer, and fall cultivations”
t0“lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
Lettuce under diffused light had the lowest leaf net photosynthetic rate.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Organ / stage
- fully expanded leavese0
- Treatment
- diffused lighte0
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the net photosynthetic rate of fully expanded leaves of lettuce grown under diffused light was lowest”
Claim · model-written summary
Under diffused light, lettuce dry weight and relative growth rate were comparable to controls in summer and fall.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Treatment
- diffused lighte1
- Outcome
- dry weight and RGRe0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Qualifier
- summer and fall cultivationse0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“their dry weight and RGR were comparable to the control in summer and fall cultivations”
e1“leaves of lettuce grown under diffused light”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest using light diffusion films to improve crop productivity beneath roof photovoltaic modules.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Outcome
- application of light diffusion films is a viable option for improving crop productivity under roof-mounted PV modulese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of light diffusion films is a viable option for improving crop productivity under roof-mounted PV modules”
t0“lettuce”
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