Abstract
Five herbicides were tested in green pea, and their residual effects on several rotational crops were investigated in northwestern Washington from 1998 through 2000. In both years, imazamox applied postemergence caused 21 and 28% early-season injury at 0.036 and 0.045 kg/ha, respectively, but only in 1999 did early-season injury result in yield loss compared with nontreated, weedy pea. Trifluralin, clomazone, and sulfentrazone caused 15 to 19% injury to pea in 1998 but not in 1999. Although pea treated with sulfentrazone produced more harvestable pods than nontreated pea (5.0 and 4.1 pods/plant, respectively), pod numbers were similar to peas treated with clomazone, pendimethalin, pendimethalin plus imazamox, or trifluralin. All rotationally grown crops were tolerant to herbicides used in green pea, except for strawberry in 1999, in which leaf area was reduced 23% in plots treated with 0.045 kg/ha imazamox compared with nontreated plots. Intensive tillage combined with favorable soil and climatic conditions in this study indicate that western Washington green pea producers may have greater flexibility in their choice of herbicides and rotational crop alternatives than previously believed.Nomenclature: Clomazone; imazamox; pendimethalin; sulfentrazone; trifluralin; green pea, Pisum sativum L; strawberry, Fragaria × ananassa Duch.Additional index words: Carry over, rotational crops.Abbreviations: POST, postemergence; POTR, posttransplant; PPI, preplant incorporated; ppt, precipitation; PRE, preemergence; UAN, urea–ammonium nitrate.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Imazamox at 0.036 kg/ha caused 21% early injury.
- Treatment
- imazamox applied postemergencee0
- Outcome
- early-season injurye0
- Direction
- causede0
- Value
- 21e0
- Qualifier
- 0.036e0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“imazamox applied postemergence caused 21 and 28% early-season injury at 0.036 and 0.045 kg/ha, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazamox at 0.045 kg/ha caused 28% early injury.
- Treatment
- imazamox applied postemergencee0
- Outcome
- early-season injurye0
- Direction
- causede0
- Value
- 28%e0
- Qualifier
- 0.045e0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“imazamox applied postemergence caused 21 and 28% early-season injury at 0.036 and 0.045 kg/ha, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Early injury led to yield loss only in 1999 versus nontreated weedy pea.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“only in 1999 did early-season injury result in yield loss compared with nontreated, weedy pea.”
Claim · model-written summary
Trifluralin caused pea injury in 1998 but not 1999.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Treatment
- trifluraline0
- Outcome
- injury to peae0
- Direction
- causede0
- Value
- 15 to 19%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trifluralin, clomazone, and sulfentrazone caused 15 to 19% injury to pea in 1998 but not in 1999.”
Claim · model-written summary
clomazone caused pea injury in 1998 but not 1999.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- clomazonee0
- Outcome
- injury to peae0
- Direction
- causede0
- Value
- 15 to 19%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trifluralin, clomazone, and sulfentrazone caused 15 to 19% injury to pea in 1998 but not in 1999.”
Claim · model-written summary
sulfentrazone caused pea injury in 1998 but not 1999.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- sulfentrazonee0
- Outcome
- injury to peae0
- Direction
- causede0
- Value
- 15 to 19%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trifluralin, clomazone, and sulfentrazone caused 15 to 19% injury to pea in 1998 but not in 1999.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfentrazone increased harvestable pods versus nontreated pea.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- sulfentrazonee0
- Outcome
- harvestable podse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 5.0e0
- Qualifier
- 4.1 pods/plante0
- Comparator
- nontreated peae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pea treated with sulfentrazone produced more harvestable pods than nontreated pea (5.0 and 4.1 pods/plant, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Harvestable pod numbers under sulfentrazone were similar to other herbicide treatments.
- Taxon
- peasLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Outcome
- pod numberse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- clomazone, pendimethalin, pendimethalin plus imazamox, or trifluraline0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pod numbers were similar to peas treated with clomazone, pendimethalin, pendimethalin plus imazamox, or trifluralin.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotational crops generally tolerated green pea herbicides.
Verbatim
e0“All rotationally grown crops were tolerant to herbicides used in green pea, except for strawberry in 1999”
Claim · model-written summary
Strawberry leaf area fell 23% after residual imazamox.
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassae0 - Treatment
- 0.045 kg/ha imazamoxe0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 23%e0
- Comparator
- nontreated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“strawberry in 1999, in which leaf area was reduced 23% in plots treated with 0.045 kg/ha imazamox compared with nontreated plots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Western Washington pea producers may have greater herbicide and rotation flexibility.
Verbatim
e0“western Washington green pea producers may have greater flexibility in their choice of herbicides and rotational crop alternatives than previously believed.”
The same questions in other papers
clomazone · crop injury · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
trifluralin · crop injury · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.