Abstract
We determined and compared the composition and content of isoflavones in the cotyledon, hypocotyl, and root of 17 soybean sprout varieties grown under dark and light conditions. The total average isoflavone concentrations in 17 soybean sprout varieties were 2167 microg g(-1) (green sprout) and 2538 microg g(-1) (yellow sprout) in cotyledons, 1169 microg g(-1) (green sprout) and 1132 microg g(-1) (yellow sprout) in hypocotyls, and 2399 microg g(-1) (green sprout) and 2852 microg g(-1) (yellow sprout) in roots. There were no significant differences in total isoflavone concentrations between the green and yellow sprouts. However, significant differences in total isoflavone amounts were observed among the three organs, with roots exhibiting the highest total isoflavone concentrations followed by cotyledons and hypocotyls. Total daidzin concentrations of green (775 microg g(-1)) and yellow (897 microg g(-1)) sprouts increased to more than 4 times that in seeds (187 microg g(-1)). Yellow sprouts contained the highest (1122 microg g(-1)) total genistin concentrations, and green (155 microg g(-1)) and yellow (155 microg g(-1)) sprouts had more total glycitin concentrations than seeds. In cotyledons of green and yellow sprouts, genistin, daidzen, and glycitin constituted more than 67%, more than 28%, and less than 4% of the total isoflavone contents, respectively. In hypocotyls, total daidzin represented more than 45% of the total isoflavones, and total glycitin was higher than in cotyledons and roots. Malonylglycoside concentrations were highest in cotyledons, whereas glycoside concentrations were highest in hypocotyls and roots. The high accumulation of isoflavones in roots is consistent with isoflavones serving as signal molecules in the induction of microbial genes involved in soybean (Glycine max) nodulation.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Green and yellow soybean sprout cotyledons had average total isoflavone concentrations of 2167 and 2538 microg g(-1), respectively.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Organ / stage
- cotyledonse0
- Outcome
- total average isoflavone concentrationse0
- Value
- 2167 microg g(-1) (green sprout) and 2538 microg g(-1) (yellow sprout)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The total average isoflavone concentrations in 17 soybean sprout varieties were 2167 microg g(-1) (green sprout) and 2538 microg g(-1) (yellow sprout) in cotyledons”
Claim · model-written summary
Green and yellow sprout hypocotyls had average total isoflavone concentrations of 1169 and 1132 microg g(-1).
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- hypocotylse0
- Value
- 1169 microg g(-1) (green sprout) and 1132 microg g(-1) (yellow sprout)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“1169 microg g(-1) (green sprout) and 1132 microg g(-1) (yellow sprout) in hypocotyls”
e1“The total average isoflavone concentrations in 17 soybean sprout varieties”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Green and yellow sprout roots had average total isoflavone concentrations of 2399 and 2852 microg g(-1).
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- total average isoflavone concentrationse1
- Value
- 2399 microg g(-1) (green sprout) and 2852 microg g(-1) (yellow sprout)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“2399 microg g(-1) (green sprout) and 2852 microg g(-1) (yellow sprout) in roots”
e1“The total average isoflavone concentrations in 17 soybean sprout varieties”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Total isoflavone concentrations did not differ significantly between green and yellow sprouts.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- greene0
- Outcome
- total isoflavone concentrationse0
- Direction
- no significant differencese0
- Comparator
- yellow sproutse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were no significant differences in total isoflavone concentrations between the green and yellow sprouts”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Roots had significantly higher total isoflavone concentrations than cotyledons and hypocotyls.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- total isoflavone concentrationse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- cotyledons and hypocotylse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant differences in total isoflavone amounts were observed among the three organs, with roots exhibiting the highest total isoflavone concentrations followed by cotyledons and hypocotyls”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Daidzin concentration in green sprouts exceeded that in seeds by more than fourfold.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- sproutse0
- Outcome
- Total daidzin concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 775 microg g(-1)e0
- Qualifier
- 187 microg g(-1)e0
- Comparator
- seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total daidzin concentrations of green (775 microg g(-1)) and yellow (897 microg g(-1)) sprouts increased to more than 4 times that in seeds (187 microg g(-1))”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Daidzin concentration in yellow sprouts exceeded that in seeds by more than fourfold.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- sproutse0
- Outcome
- Total daidzin concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 897 microg g(-1)e0
- Qualifier
- 187 microg g(-1)e0
- Comparator
- seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total daidzin concentrations of green (775 microg g(-1)) and yellow (897 microg g(-1)) sprouts increased to more than 4 times that in seeds (187 microg g(-1))”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Yellow sprouts had the highest total genistin concentration, 1122 microg g(-1).
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- Yellow sproutse0
- Outcome
- total genistin concentrationse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1122 microg g(-1)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yellow sprouts contained the highest (1122 microg g(-1)) total genistin concentrations”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Green sprouts had more glycitin than seeds, at 155 microg g(-1).
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- sproutse0
- Outcome
- total glycitin concentrationse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 155 microg g(-1)e0
- Comparator
- seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“green (155 microg g(-1)) and yellow (155 microg g(-1)) sprouts had more total glycitin concentrations than seeds”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Yellow sprouts had more glycitin than seeds, at 155 microg g(-1).
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- sproutse0
- Outcome
- total glycitin concentrationse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 155 microg g(-1)e0
- Comparator
- seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“green (155 microg g(-1)) and yellow (155 microg g(-1)) sprouts had more total glycitin concentrations than seeds”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotyledon isoflavones comprised more than 67% genistin.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- cotyledonse0
- Outcome
- genistine0
- Value
- more than 67%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In cotyledons of green and yellow sprouts, genistin, daidzen, and glycitin constituted more than 67%, more than 28%, and less than 4% of the total isoflavone contents, respectively”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotyledon isoflavones comprised more than 28% daidzen.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- cotyledonse0
- Outcome
- daidzene0
- Value
- more than 28%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In cotyledons of green and yellow sprouts, genistin, daidzen, and glycitin constituted more than 67%, more than 28%, and less than 4% of the total isoflavone contents, respectively”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotyledon isoflavones comprised less than 4% glycitin.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- cotyledonse0
- Outcome
- glycitine0
- Value
- less than 4%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In cotyledons of green and yellow sprouts, genistin, daidzen, and glycitin constituted more than 67%, more than 28%, and less than 4% of the total isoflavone contents, respectively”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Daidzin represented more than 45% of hypocotyl isoflavones.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- hypocotylse0
- Outcome
- total daidzine0
- Value
- more than 45%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In hypocotyls, total daidzin represented more than 45% of the total isoflavones”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Hypocotyl glycitin concentration exceeded that in cotyledons and roots.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- hypocotylse1
- Outcome
- total glycitine0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- cotyledons and rootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total glycitin was higher than in cotyledons and roots”
e1“In hypocotyls, total daidzin represented more than 45% of the total isoflavones”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Malonylglycoside concentrations were highest in cotyledons.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- cotyledonse0
- Outcome
- Malonylglycoside concentrationse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Malonylglycoside concentrations were highest in cotyledons”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Glycoside concentrations were highest in hypocotyls and roots.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- hypocotyls and rootse0
- Outcome
- glycoside concentrationse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“glycoside concentrations were highest in hypocotyls and roots”
t0“Soybean”
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