Abstract
Aminoglycoside antibiotics are frequently used for the selection of transgenic plant cells. However, for a number of species aminoglycoside selection is inefficient. The objective of the present study was to elucidate factors affecting the phytoloxic effects of aminoglycoside antibiotics. Using non‐transgenic sugar beet cotyledonary explants the interaction between three aminoglycoside antibiotics, kanamycin, neomycin and hygromycin. and Ca 2+ was studied by monitoring the effects on growth and shoot formation. The phytotoxic effects of the aminoglycoside antibiotics were strongly dependent on the calcium concentration in the growth media. At comparable levels of the antibiotics (kanamycin 170 μ M , neomycin 220 μ M , hygromycin 9.5 μ M , an elevation of the calcium concentration from 1 to 10 m M resulted in growth increases of approximately 3‐, 2.5‐ and 8‐fold, respectively, and shoot formation was enhanced 1.5‐, 2‐and 6‐fold, respectively. At lower concentrations of the antibiotics, the toxic effect was nearly abolished by increasing the calcium concentration. Additional magnesium, sodium and ammonium did not affect the phytotoxic effects of the aminoglycoside antibiotics. Moreover, the phytotoxic effects of the herbicides glyphosate and phosphinothricin were not decreased by additional calcium. These data suggest the existence of a specific interaction between calcium and aminoglycoside anfibiotics in plants. The implications of these results for the use of aminoglycosides as selective agents in plant transformation are discussed.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Higher calcium increased growth under kanamycin by approximately threefold.
- Taxon
- sugar beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0 - Treatment
- calcium concentration from 1 to 10 m Me0
- Outcome
- growth increasese0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- approximately 3‐e0
- Comparator
- 1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“kanamycin 170 μ M , neomycin 220 μ M , hygromycin 9.5 μ M , an elevation of the calcium concentration from 1 to 10 m M resulted in growth increases of approximately 3‐, 2.5‐ and 8‐fold, respectively”
t0“Calcium reduces toxicity of aminoglycoside antibiotics in sugar beet explants in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher calcium increased growth under neomycin by approximately 2.5-fold.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- calcium concentration from 1 to 10 m Me0
- Outcome
- growth increasese0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 2.5‐e0
- Comparator
- 1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“kanamycin 170 μ M , neomycin 220 μ M , hygromycin 9.5 μ M , an elevation of the calcium concentration from 1 to 10 m M resulted in growth increases of approximately 3‐, 2.5‐ and 8‐fold, respectively”
t0“Calcium reduces toxicity of aminoglycoside antibiotics in sugar beet explants in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher calcium increased growth under hygromycin by approximately eightfold.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- calcium concentration from 1 to 10 m Me0
- Outcome
- growth increasese0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 8‐folde0
- Comparator
- 1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“kanamycin 170 μ M , neomycin 220 μ M , hygromycin 9.5 μ M , an elevation of the calcium concentration from 1 to 10 m M resulted in growth increases of approximately 3‐, 2.5‐ and 8‐fold, respectively”
t0“Calcium reduces toxicity of aminoglycoside antibiotics in sugar beet explants in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher calcium enhanced shoot formation under the three antibiotics by 1.5-, 2- and 6-fold respectively.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Outcome
- shoot formatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 1.5‐, 2‐and 6‐folde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“shoot formation was enhanced 1.5‐, 2‐and 6‐fold, respectively”
t0“Calcium reduces toxicity of aminoglycoside antibiotics in sugar beet explants in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher calcium nearly abolished toxicity at lower antibiotic concentrations.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Outcome
- toxic effecte0
- Direction
- nearly abolishede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At lower concentrations of the antibiotics, the toxic effect was nearly abolished by increasing the calcium concentration.”
t0“Calcium reduces toxicity of aminoglycoside antibiotics in sugar beet explants in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
Additional magnesium, sodium and ammonium did not affect aminoglycoside phytotoxicity.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Outcome
- phytotoxic effects of the aminoglycoside antibioticse0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Additional magnesium, sodium and ammonium did not affect the phytotoxic effects of the aminoglycoside antibiotics.”
t0“Calcium reduces toxicity of aminoglycoside antibiotics in sugar beet explants in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
Additional calcium did not decrease glyphosate or phosphinothricin phytotoxicity.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Outcome
- phytotoxic effectse0
- Direction
- not decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the phytotoxic effects of the herbicides glyphosate and phosphinothricin were not decreased by additional calcium”
t0“Calcium reduces toxicity of aminoglycoside antibiotics in sugar beet explants in vitro”
The same questions in other papers
calcium atom · growth · Beta vulgaris (beet)Results agree
8 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.