Abstract
The use of gas-impermeable films to reduce the dosage of methyl bromide (MB) required to control Verticillium wilt in potatoes was examined in field experiments, conducted in soils naturally infested with Verticillium dahliae. The incidence and severity of Verticillium wilt were significantly reduced (by 74 to 94%) by fumigation with MB at 50 g/m 2 under standard low density polyethylene (LDPE) or at 25 g/m 2 under gas-impermeable films. Fumigation at 25 g/m 2 under LDPE was less effective. Disease severity was inversely correlated (r 2 = 0.89 to 0.91) with chlorophyll content in the leaves. Fumigation also reduced (by 89 to 100%) stem colonization by the pathogen. Potato yield in the fumigated plots was significantly higher (26 to 69%), than in their nonfumigated counterparts, and was inversely correlated with disease index (r 2 = 0.69 to 0.9). The percentage of high-value tubers (above 45 g) was 52 to 56% of total yield in the fumigated plots as compared with 32 to 40% in the nonfumigated controls. Thus, fumigation also improved the commercial quality of tuber yield. Effective control of V. dahliae and yield increases following MB fumigation at the recommended dosage or at a reduced dosage with gas-impermeable films was also observed in a consecutive crop. These results were verified in a large-scale field experiment using commercial applications, further demonstrating the feasibility of reducing MB dosages under farm conditions, without reducing its effectiveness in terms of disease control and yield improvement.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Fumigation with MB at 50 g/m2 under standard LDPE reduced Verticillium wilt incidence and severity by 74 to 94%.
- Taxon
- potatoes
Solanum tuberosume0 - Treatment
- fumigation with MB at 50 g/m 2 under standard low density polyethylene (LDPE)e1
- Interactor
- Verticillium dahliae
Verticillium dahliaee0pathogen - Outcome
- incidence and severity of Verticillium wilte1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 74 to 94%e1
- Setting
- field experimentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of gas-impermeable films to reduce the dosage of methyl bromide (MB) required to control Verticillium wilt in potatoes was examined in field experiments, conducted in soils naturally infested with Verticillium dahliae”
e1“The incidence and severity of Verticillium wilt were significantly reduced (by 74 to 94%) by fumigation with MB at 50 g/m 2 under standard low density polyethylene (LDPE) or at 25 g/m 2 under gas-impermeable films”
Claim · model-written summary
Fumigation with MB at 25 g/m2 under gas-impermeable films reduced Verticillium wilt incidence and severity by 74 to 94%.
- Taxon
- potatoesSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- at 25 g/m 2 under gas-impermeable filmse1
- Interactor
- Verticillium dahliaeVerticillium dahliaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence and severity of Verticillium wilte1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 74 to 94%e1
- Setting
- field experimentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of gas-impermeable films to reduce the dosage of methyl bromide (MB) required to control Verticillium wilt in potatoes was examined in field experiments, conducted in soils naturally infested with Verticillium dahliae”
e1“The incidence and severity of Verticillium wilt were significantly reduced (by 74 to 94%) by fumigation with MB at 50 g/m 2 under standard low density polyethylene (LDPE) or at 25 g/m 2 under gas-impermeable films”
Claim · model-written summary
Fumigation with MB at 25 g/m2 under LDPE was less effective than fumigation at 50 g/m2 under standard LDPE.
- Taxon
- potatoesSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- Fumigation at 25 g/m 2 under LDPEe2
- Interactor
- Verticillium dahliaeVerticillium dahliaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- effectivee2
- Direction
- lesse2
- Comparator
- standard low density polyethylene (LDPE)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of gas-impermeable films to reduce the dosage of methyl bromide (MB) required to control Verticillium wilt in potatoes was examined in field experiments, conducted in soils naturally infested with Verticillium dahliae”
e1“The incidence and severity of Verticillium wilt were significantly reduced (by 74 to 94%) by fumigation with MB at 50 g/m 2 under standard low density polyethylene (LDPE) or at 25 g/m 2 under gas-impermeable films”
e2“Fumigation at 25 g/m 2 under LDPE was less effective”
Claim · model-written summary
Disease severity was inversely correlated with leaf chlorophyll content.
- Taxon
- potatoesSolanum tuberosume0
- Outcome
- Disease severitye3
- Value
- r 2 = 0.89 to 0.91e3
- Comparator
- chlorophyll contente3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of gas-impermeable films to reduce the dosage of methyl bromide (MB) required to control Verticillium wilt in potatoes was examined in field experiments, conducted in soils naturally infested with Verticillium dahliae”
e3“Disease severity was inversely correlated (r 2 = 0.89 to 0.91) with chlorophyll content in the leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Fumigation reduced stem colonization by the pathogen by 89 to 100%.
- Taxon
- potatoesSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- Fumigatione4
- Interactor
- Verticillium dahliaeVerticillium dahliaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- stem colonizatione4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Value
- 89 to 100%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of gas-impermeable films to reduce the dosage of methyl bromide (MB) required to control Verticillium wilt in potatoes was examined in field experiments, conducted in soils naturally infested with Verticillium dahliae”
e4“Fumigation also reduced (by 89 to 100%) stem colonization by the pathogen”
Claim · model-written summary
Potato yield in fumigated plots was 26 to 69% higher than in nonfumigated plots.
- Taxon
- potatoesSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- fumigated plotse5
- Outcome
- Potato yielde5
- Direction
- highere5
- Value
- 26 to 69%e5
- Comparator
- nonfumigated counterpartse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of gas-impermeable films to reduce the dosage of methyl bromide (MB) required to control Verticillium wilt in potatoes was examined in field experiments, conducted in soils naturally infested with Verticillium dahliae”
e5“Potato yield in the fumigated plots was significantly higher (26 to 69%), than in their nonfumigated counterparts”
Claim · model-written summary
Potato yield was inversely correlated with disease index.
- Taxon
- potatoesSolanum tuberosume0
- Outcome
- Potato yielde5
- Value
- r 2 = 0.69 to 0.9e6
- Comparator
- disease indexe6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of gas-impermeable films to reduce the dosage of methyl bromide (MB) required to control Verticillium wilt in potatoes was examined in field experiments, conducted in soils naturally infested with Verticillium dahliae”
e5“Potato yield in the fumigated plots was significantly higher (26 to 69%), than in their nonfumigated counterparts”
e6“and was inversely correlated with disease index (r 2 = 0.69 to 0.9)”
Claim · model-written summary
The percentage of high-value tubers was 52 to 56% in fumigated plots compared with 32 to 40% in nonfumigated controls.
- Taxon
- potatoesSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- fumigated plotse7
- Outcome
- percentage of high-value tuberse7
- Direction
- increaseinferrede7
- Value
- 52 to 56%e7
- Comparator
- nonfumigated controlse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of gas-impermeable films to reduce the dosage of methyl bromide (MB) required to control Verticillium wilt in potatoes was examined in field experiments, conducted in soils naturally infested with Verticillium dahliae”
e7“The percentage of high-value tubers (above 45 g) was 52 to 56% of total yield in the fumigated plots as compared with 32 to 40% in the nonfumigated controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Fumigation improved the commercial quality of potato tuber yield.
- Taxon
- potatoesSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- fumigatione6
- Outcome
- commercial quality of tuber yielde6
- Direction
- improvede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of gas-impermeable films to reduce the dosage of methyl bromide (MB) required to control Verticillium wilt in potatoes was examined in field experiments, conducted in soils naturally infested with Verticillium dahliae”
e6“Thus, fumigation also improved the commercial quality of tuber yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield increased after MB fumigation at the recommended or a reduced dosage with gas-impermeable films in a consecutive crop, with effective control of V. dahliae.
- Taxon
- potatoesSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- MB fumigatione7
- Outcome
- yielde7
- Direction
- increasese7
- Qualifier
- Effective control of V. dahliaee7
- Setting
- in a consecutive crope7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of gas-impermeable films to reduce the dosage of methyl bromide (MB) required to control Verticillium wilt in potatoes was examined in field experiments, conducted in soils naturally infested with Verticillium dahliae”
e7“Effective control of V. dahliae and yield increases following MB fumigation at the recommended dosage or at a reduced dosage with gas-impermeable films was also observed in a consecutive crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Reducing MB dosages under farm conditions did not reduce effectiveness for disease control and yield improvement.
- Taxon
- potatoesSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- reducing MB dosagese6
- Outcome
- effectivenesse6
- Setting
- under farm conditionse6
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of gas-impermeable films to reduce the dosage of methyl bromide (MB) required to control Verticillium wilt in potatoes was examined in field experiments, conducted in soils naturally infested with Verticillium dahliae”
e6“further demonstrating the feasibility of reducing MB dosages under farm conditions, without reducing its effectiveness in terms of disease control and yield improvement”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.