Abstract
Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] prices and profitability have increased recently, so growers manage the crop more intensively, including using seed treatments. Field‐scale studies were conducted at four locations in New York in 2012 and 2013 to evaluate agronomic and economic responses to rhizobia ( Bradyrhizobium japonicum ), biological, fungicide, and insecticide seed treatments. Plant populations, yield, and partial returns had location × seed treatment interactions. Rhizobia, biological, and fungicide seed treatments vs. untreated seed increased plant populations by 22 and 8% but not yield at two locations. Rhizobia, biological, fungicide, and insecticide seed treatments vs. untreated seed increased plant populations (20 and 10%) and yield (7 and 4.5%) at two other locations, along with partial returns (US$155 ha −1 ) where yield increased by 7% but not where yield increased by 4.5%. Growers seeded at 383,000 to 492,000 seeds ha −1 , which may have been too high to fully realize the benefit of seed treatments. Application of rhizobia at planting vs. untreated seed did not increase yield and partial returns, even at locations where soybean had been grown only twice in the previous 10 yr. Growers who are risk averse to poor plant establishment will probably apply biological, fungicide, and insecticide seed treatments, whereas growers who are risk averse to additional inputs without a high probability of increased profit will probably not apply seed treatments or rhizobia inoculant, especially if low market prices prevail. The results of this study are site specific, so growers should conduct strip tests to determine if soybean seed treatments or rhizobia inoculants are beneficial, given their production practices, soil resources, and risk tolerance.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment interacted with location for plant populations, yield and partial returns.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- seed treatmente1
- Outcome
- Plant populations, yield, and partial returnse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean Seed Treatments Interact with Locations for Populations, Yield, and Partial Returns”
e1“Plant populations, yield, and partial returns had location × seed treatment interactions”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobia, biological, fungicide and insecticide seed treatments increased soybean plant populations by 20 and 10% at two other locations.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Rhizobia, biological, fungicide, and insecticide seed treatmentse4
- Outcome
- plant populationse4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 20 and 10%e4
- Qualifier
- at two other locationse4
- Comparator
- untreated seede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean Seed Treatments Interact with Locations for Populations, Yield, and Partial Returns”
e4“Rhizobia, biological, fungicide, and insecticide seed treatments vs. untreated seed increased plant populations (20 and 10%) and yield (7 and 4.5%) at two other locations, along with partial returns (US$155 ha −1 ) where yield increased by 7% but not where yield increased by 4.5%”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobia, biological, fungicide and insecticide seed treatments increased soybean yield by 7 and 4.5% at two other locations.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Rhizobia, biological, fungicide, and insecticide seed treatmentse4
- Outcome
- yielde4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 7 and 4.5%e4
- Qualifier
- at two other locationse4
- Comparator
- untreated seede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean Seed Treatments Interact with Locations for Populations, Yield, and Partial Returns”
e4“Rhizobia, biological, fungicide, and insecticide seed treatments vs. untreated seed increased plant populations (20 and 10%) and yield (7 and 4.5%) at two other locations, along with partial returns (US$155 ha −1 ) where yield increased by 7% but not where yield increased by 4.5%”
Claim · model-written summary
Partial returns of US$155 per hectare were obtained where soybean yield increased by 7% with seed treatments.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Rhizobia, biological, fungicide, and insecticide seed treatmentse4
- Outcome
- partial returnse4
- Direction
- increaseinferrede4
- Value
- US$155 ha −1e4
- Qualifier
- where yield increased by 7% but not where yield increased by 4.5%e4
- Comparator
- untreated seede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean Seed Treatments Interact with Locations for Populations, Yield, and Partial Returns”
e4“Rhizobia, biological, fungicide, and insecticide seed treatments vs. untreated seed increased plant populations (20 and 10%) and yield (7 and 4.5%) at two other locations, along with partial returns (US$155 ha −1 ) where yield increased by 7% but not where yield increased by 4.5%”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobia applied at planting did not increase soybean yield or partial returns compared with untreated seed.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Application of rhizobia at plantinge3
- Outcome
- yield and partial returnse3
- Direction
- did not increasee3
- Comparator
- untreated seede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean Seed Treatments Interact with Locations for Populations, Yield, and Partial Returns”
e3“Application of rhizobia at planting vs. untreated seed did not increase yield and partial returns, even at locations where soybean had been grown only twice in the previous 10 yr”
Claim · model-written summary
Risk-averse growers should apply biological, fungicide and insecticide seed treatments to protect plant establishment.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- biological, fungicide, and insecticide seed treatmentse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean Seed Treatments Interact with Locations for Populations, Yield, and Partial Returns”
e5“Growers who are risk averse to poor plant establishment will probably apply biological, fungicide, and insecticide seed treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Risk-averse growers without a high probability of increased profit should not apply seed treatments or rhizobia inoculant, especially at low market prices.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- not apply seed treatments or rhizobia inoculante6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean Seed Treatments Interact with Locations for Populations, Yield, and Partial Returns”
e6“growers who are risk averse to additional inputs without a high probability of increased profit will probably not apply seed treatments or rhizobia inoculant, especially if low market prices prevail”
Claim · model-written summary
Growers should conduct strip tests to decide whether soybean seed treatments or rhizobia inoculants are beneficial on their farm.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- conduct strip testse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean Seed Treatments Interact with Locations for Populations, Yield, and Partial Returns”
e7“so growers should conduct strip tests to determine if soybean seed treatments or rhizobia inoculants are beneficial”
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