Abstract
In studies of CO 2 –enrichment effects on plants, the applicability of results derived from experiments using container‐grown plants for predictions of future crop performance in a CO 2 –enriched atmosphere has been questioned. Concerns also have been expressed about plant growth studies with the air pollutant O 3 in pot‐grown plants. Further, since elevated CO 2 and O 3 co‐occur, studies are required with the combination of gases. In this 2‐yr experiment, soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] plants grown in large pots (15 and 21 L) and in the ground were exposed to mixtures of CO 2 and O 3 in open‐top chambers. The CO 2 treatments were ambient and CO 2 enrichment of approximately 337 μmol mol −1 added 24 h d −1 Ozone treatments were charcoal‐filtered (CF) air (23 nmol mol −1 ) and approximately 1.5 times ambient O 3 levels (71 nmol mol −1 ) given 12 h d −1 Relative effects of elevated CO 2 and O 3 on aboveground biomass and seed yield were quite similar for plants grown in pots compared with plants grown in the ground. Elevated CO 2 increased total seed mass and O 3 suppressed it to similar magnitudes in both rooting environments. Elevated CO 2 also reduced the toxic effects of O 3 Net photosynthesis ( A ) was similar while stomatal conductance (g s ) was higher in pot‐grown compared with ground‐grown plants, possibly due to better soil moisture status. The results indicated that planting density and rooting environment affected plant morphology, but relative responses of seed yield to elevated CO 2 and O 3 were not fundamentally different between soybean plants grown in large pots and in the ground in open‐top chambers.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Relative biomass and yield responses to elevated CO2 and ozone were similar in pots and ground.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Outcome
- Relative effects of elevated CO 2 and O 3 on aboveground biomass and seed yielde0
- Comparator
- plants grown in the grounde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Relative effects of elevated CO 2 and O 3 on aboveground biomass and seed yield were quite similar for plants grown in pots compared with plants grown in the ground.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 increased total seed mass similarly in both rooting environments.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Elevated CO 2e0
- Outcome
- total seed masse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated CO 2 increased total seed mass and O 3 suppressed it to similar magnitudes in both rooting environments.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone suppressed total seed mass similarly in both rooting environments.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- O 3e0
- Outcome
- total seed masse0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated CO 2 increased total seed mass and O 3 suppressed it to similar magnitudes in both rooting environments.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 reduced the toxic effects of ozone.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Elevated CO 2e0
- Outcome
- toxic effects of O 3e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated CO 2 also reduced the toxic effects of O 3”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Net photosynthesis was similar between pot-grown and ground-grown soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- Net photosynthesise0
- Comparator
- ground‐grown plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Net photosynthesis ( A ) was similar while stomatal conductance (g s ) was higher in pot‐grown compared with ground‐grown plants”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Stomatal conductance was higher in pot-grown than ground-grown soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- pot‐growne0
- Outcome
- stomatal conductancee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- ground‐grown plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“stomatal conductance (g s ) was higher in pot‐grown compared with ground‐grown plants”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting density and rooting environment affected soybean morphology.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- plant morphologye0
- Qualifier
- planting density and rooting environmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“planting density and rooting environment affected plant morphology”
t0“Soybean”
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