Abstract
Abstract Three field experiments were conducted on Zn deficient alkali soils, two on Natraquic calciorthids, and one on Aquic Camborthids, to determine the effect of gypsum and Zn fertilization alone and in combination on the Zn nutrition of rice IR 8 ( Oryza sativa L.). Three rates of gypsum (0, 25, and 50% gypsum requirement of soil) and three rates of Zn (0, 11.2, and 22.4 kg Zn/ha, as ZnSO 4 ‐7H 2 O) and their possible combinations were tried. At all the three locations, the growth of the rice crop was very poor and exhibited Zn deficiency symptoms in control plots. The yield and Zn uptake was higher in alkali soil high in CaCO 3 and low in pH than in soils low in CaCO 3 and high in pH. Gypsum application markedly decreased the soil pH, and significantly increased the yield and Zn uptake by rice. This resulted from a marked significant increase in soil and plant Zn concentration, though it remained within marginal levels. Zinc application decreased the pH, but not so appreciably as did gypsum; and markedly increased the available Zn from deficient to adequate levels. This in turn significantly increased Zn concentration and its uptake and resulted in a significant increase in rice grain and straw yield both over control and gypsum treatments. Optimum response of rice to Zn was observed at 11.2 kg Zn/ha except in one of the Natraquic calciorthids where it was 22.4 kg Zn/ha. Gypsum in conjunction with Zn application did not increase either the available Zn or the rice yield. The beneficial effect of Zn application to rice grown on the alkali soils under investigation was far more than that of gypsum.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Gypsum application decreased soil pH in rice fields on alkali soils.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Treatment
- Gypsum applicatione1
- Outcome
- soil pHe1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Zinc Nutrition of Rice”
e1“Gypsum application markedly decreased the soil pH, and significantly increased the yield and Zn uptake by rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Gypsum application significantly increased rice yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- Gypsum applicatione1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Zinc Nutrition of Rice”
e1“Gypsum application markedly decreased the soil pH, and significantly increased the yield and Zn uptake by rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Gypsum application significantly increased Zn uptake by rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- Gypsum applicatione1
- Outcome
- Zn uptakee1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Zinc Nutrition of Rice”
e1“Gypsum application markedly decreased the soil pH, and significantly increased the yield and Zn uptake by rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application decreased soil pH, less than gypsum did.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Zinc Nutrition of Rice”
e2“Zinc application decreased the pH, but not so appreciably as did gypsum; and markedly increased the available Zn from deficient to adequate levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application markedly increased available Zn from deficient to adequate levels.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Zinc applicatione2
- Outcome
- available Zne2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Zinc Nutrition of Rice”
e2“Zinc application decreased the pH, but not so appreciably as did gypsum; and markedly increased the available Zn from deficient to adequate levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application significantly increased Zn concentration and its uptake in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Zinc applicatione2
- Outcome
- Zn concentration and its uptakee3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Zinc Nutrition of Rice”
e2“Zinc application decreased the pH, but not so appreciably as did gypsum; and markedly increased the available Zn from deficient to adequate levels”
e3“This in turn significantly increased Zn concentration and its uptake”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application significantly increased rice grain and straw yield over control and gypsum treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Zinc applicatione2
- Outcome
- rice grain and straw yielde4
- Direction
- increasee4
- Comparator
- control and gypsum treatmentse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Zinc Nutrition of Rice”
e2“Zinc application decreased the pH, but not so appreciably as did gypsum; and markedly increased the available Zn from deficient to adequate levels”
e4“resulted in a significant increase in rice grain and straw yield both over control and gypsum treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimum rice response to Zn was at 11.2 kg Zn/ha except in one Natraquic calciorthid soil.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- Optimum response of rice to Zne5
- Value
- 11.2 kg Zn/hae5
- Qualifier
- except in one of the Natraquic calciorthidse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Zinc Nutrition of Rice”
e5“Optimum response of rice to Zn was observed at 11.2 kg Zn/ha except in one of the Natraquic calciorthids where it was 22.4 kg Zn/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
In one Natraquic calciorthid soil the optimum rice response to Zn was 22.4 kg Zn/ha.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- Optimum response of rice to Zne5
- Value
- 22.4 kg Zn/hae5
- Setting
- one of the Natraquic calciorthidse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Zinc Nutrition of Rice”
e5“Optimum response of rice to Zn was observed at 11.2 kg Zn/ha except in one of the Natraquic calciorthids where it was 22.4 kg Zn/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Gypsum combined with Zn application did not increase available Zn or rice yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Gypsum in conjunction with Zn applicatione6
- Outcome
- available Zn or the rice yielde6
- Direction
- did not increasee6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Zinc Nutrition of Rice”
e6“Gypsum in conjunction with Zn application did not increase either the available Zn or the rice yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The beneficial effect of Zn application on rice was far more than that of gypsum.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae7
- Treatment
- Zn applicatione7
- Outcome
- beneficial effecte7
- Direction
- far moree7
- Comparator
- gypsume7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“The beneficial effect of Zn application to rice grown on the alkali soils under investigation was far more than that of gypsum”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield and Zn uptake of rice were higher on alkali soil high in CaCO3 and low in pH than on soils low in CaCO3 and high in pH.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- yield and Zn uptakee1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- soils low in CaCO 3 and high in pHe1
- Setting
- alkali soil high in CaCO 3 and low in pHe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Zinc Nutrition of Rice”
e1“The yield and Zn uptake was higher in alkali soil high in CaCO 3 and low in pH than in soils low in CaCO 3 and high in pH”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice growth was very poor at all three locations, with Zn deficiency symptoms in control plots.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- growth of the rice crope1
- Qualifier
- exhibited Zn deficiency symptoms in control plotse1
- Setting
- all the three locationse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“At all the three locations, the growth of the rice crop was very poor and exhibited Zn deficiency symptoms in control plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Gypsum led to a significant increase in soil and plant Zn concentration that remained within marginal levels.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- soil and plant Zn concentratione1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Qualifier
- remained within marginal levelse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Zinc Nutrition of Rice”
e1“This resulted from a marked significant increase in soil and plant Zn concentration, though it remained within marginal levels”
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