Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is a plant pathogen infecting several important cereals, resulting in substantial yield losses and mycotoxin contamination of the grain. Triazole fungicides are used to control diseases caused by this fungus on a worldwide scale. Our previous microarray study indicated that 15 ABC transporter genes were transcriptionally upregulated in response to tebuconazole treatment. Here, we deleted four ABC transporter genes in two genetic backgrounds of F. graminearum representing the DON (deoxynivalenol) and the NIV (nivalenol) trichothecene chemotypes. Deletion of FgABC3 and FgABC4 belonging to group I of ABC-G and to group V of ABC-C subfamilies of ABC transporters, respectively, considerably increased the sensitivity to the class I sterol biosynthesis inhibitors triazoles and fenarimol. Such effects were specific since they did not occur with any other fungicide class tested. Assessing the contribution of the four ABC transporters to virulence of F. graminearum revealed that, irrespective of their chemotypes, deletion mutants of FgABC1 (ABC-C subfamily group V) and FgABC3 were impeded in virulence on wheat, barley and maize. Phylogenetic context and analyses of mycotoxin production suggests that FgABC3 may encode a transporter protecting the fungus from host-derived antifungal molecules. In contrast, FgABC1 may encode a transporter responsible for the secretion of fungal secondary metabolites alleviating defence of the host. Our results show that ABC transporters play important and diverse roles in both fungicide resistance and pathogenesis of F. graminearum.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Deletion of FgABC3 and FgABC4 considerably increased sensitivity of F. graminearum to triazoles and fenarimol.
- Taxon
- cerealse0
- Treatment
- Deletion of FgABC3 and FgABC4e1
- Gene
- FgABC3 and FgABC4e1
- Outcome
- sensitivitye1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- to the class I sterol biosynthesis inhibitors triazoles and fenarimole1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Fusarium graminearum is a plant pathogen infecting several important cereals”
e1“Deletion of FgABC3 and FgABC4 belonging to group I of ABC-G and to group V of ABC-C subfamilies of ABC transporters, respectively, considerably increased the sensitivity to the class I sterol biosynthesis inhibitors triazoles and fenarimol”
Claim · model-written summary
The effects of FgABC3 and FgABC4 deletion on fungicide sensitivity did not occur with any other fungicide class.
- Taxon
- cerealse0
- Treatment
- any other fungicide class testede2
- Outcome
- Such effectse2
- Direction
- did not occure2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Fusarium graminearum is a plant pathogen infecting several important cereals”
e2“Such effects were specific since they did not occur with any other fungicide class tested”
Claim · model-written summary
Deletion of FgABC1 and FgABC3 impeded virulence of F. graminearum on wheat, barley and maize.
- Taxon
- wheat, barley and maize
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgare
Triticum aestivum
Zea mayse3 - Treatment
- deletion mutants of FgABC1 (ABC-C subfamily group V) and FgABC3e3
- Interactor
- F. graminearum
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium graminearume3pathogen - Gene
- FgABC1e3
- Outcome
- virulencee3
- Direction
- impedede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e3“Assessing the contribution of the four ABC transporters to virulence of F. graminearum revealed that, irrespective of their chemotypes, deletion mutants of FgABC1 (ABC-C subfamily group V) and FgABC3 were impeded in virulence on wheat, barley and maize”
Claim · model-written summary
FgABC3 may encode a transporter protecting the fungus from host-derived antifungal molecules.
Verbatim
e0“Fusarium graminearum is a plant pathogen infecting several important cereals”
e4“Phylogenetic context and analyses of mycotoxin production suggests that FgABC3 may encode a transporter protecting the fungus from host-derived antifungal molecules”
Claim · model-written summary
FgABC1 may encode a transporter that secretes fungal secondary metabolites and alleviates host defence.
Verbatim
e0“Fusarium graminearum is a plant pathogen infecting several important cereals”
e5“In contrast, FgABC1 may encode a transporter responsible for the secretion of fungal secondary metabolites alleviating defence of the host”
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