Abstract
Experiments were conducted to study the bioefficacies of different plant/weed derivatives that affect the development of the pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculates F. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) fed on black gram, Vigna mungo, seeds. Plant extracts, powder, ash and oil from nishinda (Vitex negundo L.), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globules Labill.), bankalmi (Ipomoea sepiaria K.), neem (Azadirachta indica L.), safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) and bablah (Acacia arabica L.) were evaluated for their oviposition inhibition, surface protectant, residual toxicity and direct toxicity effects on C. maculates. The results showed that plant oils were effective in checking insect infestation. The least number of F(1) adults emerged from black gram seeds treated with neem oil. The nishinda oil extract was the most toxic of three extracts tested (nishinda, eucalyptus and bankalmi). Bablah ash was the most effective compared to the powdered leaves of nishinda, eucalyptus and bankalmi. The powdered leaves and extracts of nishinda, eucalyptus and bankalmi, at a 3% mixture, provided good protection for black gram seeds by reducing insect oviposition, F(1) adult emergence, and grain infestation rates. The oil treatment did not show adverse effects on germination capability of seeds, even after three months of treatment.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Plant oils checked insect infestation of black gram seeds.
- Taxon
- black gram
Vigna mungoe1 - Treatment
- plant oilse0
- Interactor
- Callosobruchus maculatese2pest
- Outcome
- insect infestatione0
- Direction
- checkinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that plant oils were effective in checking insect infestation.”
e1“black gram, Vigna mungo, seeds”
e2“pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculates F.”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem oil gave the fewest F(1) adult beetles emerging from black gram seeds.
- Taxon
- black gramVigna mungoe0
- Treatment
- neem oile0
- Interactor
- Callosobruchus maculatese1pest
- Outcome
- F(1) adults emergede0
- Direction
- leaste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The least number of F(1) adults emerged from black gram seeds treated with neem oil.”
e1“pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculates F.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nishinda oil extract was the most toxic among three tested extracts.
- Taxon
- black gramVigna mungoe1
- Treatment
- nishinda oil extracte0
- Interactor
- Callosobruchus maculatese2pest
- Outcome
- toxice0
- Direction
- most toxice0
- Comparator
- eucalyptus and bankalmie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The nishinda oil extract was the most toxic of three extracts tested (nishinda, eucalyptus and bankalmi).”
e1“black gram, Vigna mungo, seeds”
e2“Callosobruchus maculates F.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bablah ash was more effective than the tested powdered leaves.
- Taxon
- black gramVigna mungoe1
- Treatment
- Bablah ashe0
- Interactor
- Callosobruchus maculatese2pest
- Outcome
- most effectivee0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
- Comparator
- powdered leaves of nishinda, eucalyptus and bankalmie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bablah ash was the most effective compared to the powdered leaves of nishinda, eucalyptus and bankalmi.”
e1“black gram, Vigna mungo, seeds”
e2“Callosobruchus maculates F.”
Claim · model-written summary
Powdered leaves and extracts at 3% reduced oviposition, adult emergence, and grain infestation in black gram.
- Taxon
- black gramVigna mungoe0
- Treatment
- powdered leaves and extracts of nishinda, eucalyptus and bankalmi, at a 3% mixturee0
- Interactor
- Callosobruchus maculatese1pest
- Outcome
- insect oviposition, F(1) adult emergence, and grain infestation ratese0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The powdered leaves and extracts of nishinda, eucalyptus and bankalmi, at a 3% mixture, provided good protection for black gram seeds by reducing insect oviposition, F(1) adult emergence, and grain infestation rates.”
e1“Callosobruchus maculates F.”
Claim · model-written summary
Oil treatment did not adversely affect black gram seed germination after three months.
- Taxon
- black gramVigna mungoe1
- Treatment
- oil treatmente0
- Outcome
- germination capability of seedse0
- Direction
- did not show adverse effectse0
- Qualifier
- after three months of treatmente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The oil treatment did not show adverse effects on germination capability of seeds, even after three months of treatment.”
e1“black gram, Vigna mungo, seeds”
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botanical · pest · Vigna mungo (black gram)Positive and negative results
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