Abstract
Wheat germ agglutinin is found in wheat embryos and a similar lectin is present in the roots of older plants. We report here that 10 micromolar abscisic acid (ABA) produces an average two to three-fold enhancement in the amount of lectin in the shoot base and the terminal portion of the root system of hydroponically grown wheat seedlings. Although ABA stunts seedling growth, a similar growth inhibition produced by ancymidol is not accompanied by elevated lectin levels. To further clarify the role of ABA, wheat callus cultures were employed. Callus derived from immature embryos was grown on growth medium containing various combinations of ABA and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Those grown in the presence of 10 micromolar ABA exhibit the largest increases in lectin compared to material grown on other regimes. The involvement of ABA in lectin accumulation was further probed with fluridone, an inhibitor of carotenoid synthesis which has also been linked to depressed levels of endogenous ABA. Wheat seedlings grown in the presence of 1 or 10 milligrams per liter fluridone have few or no carotenoids, and wheat germ agglutinin levels in the shoot base and roots are lower compared to controls. The greatest effect (a 39% reduction in the shoot base) is produced at an herbicide concentration of 10 milligrams per liter. Exogenous 10 micromolar ABA greatly stimulates lectin accumulation in the presence of fluridone, but the levels are not as high as those produced by ABA alone. These results indicate that lectin synthesis is under ABA control in both wheat embryos and adult plants.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
ABA enhanced lectin in wheat shoot base and terminal root.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- 10 micromolar abscisic acid (ABA)e0
- Outcome
- amount of lectin in the shoot base and the terminal portion of the root systeme0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
- Value
- two to three-folde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“10 micromolar abscisic acid (ABA) produces an average two to three-fold enhancement in the amount of lectin in the shoot base and the terminal portion of the root system of hydroponically grown wheat seedlings.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA stunted seedling growth.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ABAe0
- Outcome
- seedling growthe0
- Direction
- stuntse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although ABA stunts seedling growth, a similar growth inhibition produced by ancymidol is not accompanied by elevated lectin levels.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ancymidol inhibited growth without elevating lectin.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ancymidole0
- Outcome
- lectin levelse0
- Direction
- not accompanied by elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although ABA stunts seedling growth, a similar growth inhibition produced by ancymidol is not accompanied by elevated lectin levels.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Callus grown with ABA had the largest lectin increases.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 10 micromolar ABAe0
- Outcome
- lectine0
- Direction
- largest increasese0
- Comparator
- material grown on other regimese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Those grown in the presence of 10 micromolar ABA exhibit the largest increases in lectin compared to material grown on other regimes.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone depleted carotenoids in wheat seedlings.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 1 or 10 milligrams per liter fluridonee0
- Outcome
- carotenoidse0
- Direction
- few or noe0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat seedlings grown in the presence of 1 or 10 milligrams per liter fluridone have few or no carotenoids, and wheat germ agglutinin levels in the shoot base and roots are lower compared to controls.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone lowered wheat germ agglutinin in shoot base and roots.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 1 or 10 milligrams per liter fluridonee0
- Outcome
- wheat germ agglutinin levels in the shoot base and rootse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat seedlings grown in the presence of 1 or 10 milligrams per liter fluridone have few or no carotenoids, and wheat germ agglutinin levels in the shoot base and roots are lower compared to controls.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ten milligrams per liter fluridone reduced shoot-base lectin by 39%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 10 milligrams per litere0
- Outcome
- shoot basee0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 39%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The greatest effect (a 39% reduction in the shoot base) is produced at an herbicide concentration of 10 milligrams per liter.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous ABA stimulated lectin with fluridone, to levels below ABA alone.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Exogenous 10 micromolar ABAe0
- Outcome
- lectin accumulatione0
- Direction
- stimulatese0
- Qualifier
- in the presence of fluridonee0
- Comparator
- ABA alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous 10 micromolar ABA greatly stimulates lectin accumulation in the presence of fluridone, but the levels are not as high as those produced by ABA alone.”
t0“Wheat”
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Fluridone · physiology: pigments · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.