Abstract
Bacillus spp. were isolated from Iranian tomato fields and evaluated for their efficacy against root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne javanica. The 52 spore-forming bacterium isolates were obtained from tomato rhizosphere following heat treatment. Eight isolates were chosen based on their potency in prevention of M. javanica egg hatch and juvenile mortality and production of proteolytic enzymes in Petri plates. Their ability to form biofilms were also determined in pot experiments. According to phenotypic traits and 16s rDNA sequencing, all selected isolates belonged to Bacillus spp. including B. cereus and B. pumilus. Treatment with bacterial culture filtrates in vitro caused juvenile mortality of 72 to 99% after 48 h. After four days, the percentage of egg hatch ranged from 1.6 to 59% depending on the isolate. Bacillus pumilus (ToIr-MA) and Bacillus sp. (ToIr-10) were found to have significant ability to produce extracellular proteases and to form maximum biofilm, considerably reducing the number of egg masses and root gall index (P = 0.05) in comparison to untreated plants. Application of ToIr-MA and ToIr-10 enhanced the fresh and dry weights of shoot and root systems. There was significant enhancement in dry root weight (45 and 50%) and shoot weight (67 and 75%). Results suggest that these two Bacillus spp. have potential as biocontrol agents against root-knot disease in tomato production.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial culture filtrates caused 72 to 99% juvenile mortality of Meloidogyne javanica after 48 h in vitro.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- bacterial culture filtratese1
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pest
- Second interactor
- Bacillus spp.e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- juvenile mortalitye1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 72 to 99%e1
- Setting
- in vitroe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The nematicidal potential of localBacillusspecies against the root-knot nematode infecting greenhouse tomatoes”
e0“Bacillus spp. were isolated from Iranian tomato fields and evaluated for their efficacy against root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne javanica”
e1“Treatment with bacterial culture filtrates in vitro caused juvenile mortality of 72 to 99% after 48 h”
Claim · model-written summary
Percentage of Meloidogyne javanica egg hatch ranged from 1.6 to 59% after four days depending on the isolate.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pest
- Outcome
- percentage of egg hatche2
- Value
- 1.6 to 59%e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The nematicidal potential of localBacillusspecies against the root-knot nematode infecting greenhouse tomatoes”
e0“Bacillus spp. were isolated from Iranian tomato fields and evaluated for their efficacy against root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne javanica”
e2“After four days, the percentage of egg hatch ranged from 1.6 to 59% depending on the isolate”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus pumilus (ToIr-MA) and Bacillus sp. (ToIr-10) had significant ability to produce extracellular proteases and to form maximum biofilm.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- Bacillus pumilusBacillus pumiluse3biocontrol_agent
- Second interactor
- Bacillus sp.e3biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- ability to produce extracellular proteases and to form maximum biofilme3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The nematicidal potential of localBacillusspecies against the root-knot nematode infecting greenhouse tomatoes”
e3“Bacillus pumilus (ToIr-MA) and Bacillus sp. (ToIr-10) were found to have significant ability to produce extracellular proteases and to form maximum biofilm, considerably reducing the number of egg masses and root gall index (P = 0.05) in comparison to untreated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of ToIr-MA and ToIr-10 enhanced the fresh and dry weights of tomato shoot and root systems.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Application of ToIr-MA and ToIr-10e4
- Interactor
- ToIr-MAe4biocontrol_agent
- Second interactor
- ToIr-10e4biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weights of shoot and root systemse4
- Direction
- enhancede4
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The nematicidal potential of localBacillusspecies against the root-knot nematode infecting greenhouse tomatoes”
e4“Application of ToIr-MA and ToIr-10 enhanced the fresh and dry weights of shoot and root systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of ToIr-MA and ToIr-10 significantly increased tomato dry root weight by 45 and 50%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Application of ToIr-MA and ToIr-10e4
- Interactor
- ToIr-MAe4biocontrol_agent
- Second interactor
- ToIr-10e4biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- dry root weighte5
- Direction
- enhancemente5
- Value
- 45 and 50%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The nematicidal potential of localBacillusspecies against the root-knot nematode infecting greenhouse tomatoes”
e4“Application of ToIr-MA and ToIr-10 enhanced the fresh and dry weights of shoot and root systems”
e5“There was significant enhancement in dry root weight (45 and 50%) and shoot weight (67 and 75%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of ToIr-MA and ToIr-10 significantly increased tomato shoot weight by 67 and 75%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Application of ToIr-MA and ToIr-10e4
- Interactor
- ToIr-MAe4biocontrol_agent
- Second interactor
- ToIr-10e4biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- shoot weighte5
- Direction
- enhancemente5
- Value
- 67 and 75%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The nematicidal potential of localBacillusspecies against the root-knot nematode infecting greenhouse tomatoes”
e4“Application of ToIr-MA and ToIr-10 enhanced the fresh and dry weights of shoot and root systems”
e5“There was significant enhancement in dry root weight (45 and 50%) and shoot weight (67 and 75%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus pumilus (ToIr-MA) and Bacillus sp. (ToIr-10) considerably reduced the number of Meloidogyne javanica egg masses and root gall index compared with untreated tomato plants.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Bacillus pumilus (ToIr-MA) and Bacillus sp. (ToIr-10)e3
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pest
- Second interactor
- Bacillus pumilusBacillus pumiluse3biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- the number of egg masses and root gall indexe3
- Direction
- reducinge3
- Qualifier
- P = 0.05e3
- Comparator
- untreated plantse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The nematicidal potential of localBacillusspecies against the root-knot nematode infecting greenhouse tomatoes”
e0“Bacillus spp. were isolated from Iranian tomato fields and evaluated for their efficacy against root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne javanica”
e3“Bacillus pumilus (ToIr-MA) and Bacillus sp. (ToIr-10) were found to have significant ability to produce extracellular proteases and to form maximum biofilm, considerably reducing the number of egg masses and root gall index (P = 0.05) in comparison to untreated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
All selected isolates belonged to Bacillus spp., including B. cereus and B. pumilus, by phenotypic traits and 16s rDNA sequencing.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- belonged to Bacillus spp. including B. cereus and B. pumiluse7
- Qualifier
- According to phenotypic traits and 16s rDNA sequencinge7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The nematicidal potential of localBacillusspecies against the root-knot nematode infecting greenhouse tomatoes”
e7“According to phenotypic traits and 16s rDNA sequencing, all selected isolates belonged to Bacillus spp. including B. cereus and B. pumilus”
Claim · model-written summary
The two Bacillus spp. are suggested to have potential as biocontrol agents against root-knot disease in tomato production.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- potential as biocontrol agents against root-knot disease in tomato productione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The nematicidal potential of localBacillusspecies against the root-knot nematode infecting greenhouse tomatoes”
e6“Results suggest that these two Bacillus spp. have potential as biocontrol agents against root-knot disease in tomato production”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 10 papers →pathogen product · Meloidogyne javanica · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.