Abstract
Abstract Legume inoculation failures often result in severe stand losses and yield reductions. The objective of this study was to determine the possibility of salvaging poorly nodulated stands of fall‐seeded ‘Arc’ alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) (fine‐loamy, siliceous, thermic Typic Paleudult soil type) and ‘Viking’ birdsfoot trefoil ( Lotus corniculatus L.) (clayey, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Hapludult soil type). Three postemergence soil inoculation techniques were evaluated in the field: a) Subsurface application of inoculum‐coated sand, b) subsurface application of a peat‐base granular inoculant, and c) application of a water‐inoculum suspension as a surface spray. Varying rates of the appropriate Rhizobium strains ( Rhizobium meliloti Dang., or Rhizobium sp. of Lotus subgroup) were applied approximately 2, 4, or 8 weeks after seedling emergence. Measurements of nodulation, N concentration, and yield were made. Satisfactory nodulation and plant growth were generally obtained from inoculation treatments made 2 and 4 weeks after plant emergence with all three techniques. Remedial inoculation treatments made in late fall approximately 8 weeks after plant emergence were unsuccessful. Except under low moisture conditions, inoculum application rates ranging from 1.4 to 1.9 kg/ha were sufficient for effective nodulation for techniques a and c. The lowest rates tested for technique b ranged from 4.5 to 6.8 kg/ha and were also satisfactory. Average first alfalfa harvest yields (two experiments) following subsurface application of 1.6 kg/ha of inoculum with a sand carrier were 2,900, 2,750, 970, and 360 kg/ha for the 2, 4, 8‐week, and noninoculated treatments, respectively. With sufficient moisture availability, higher yields resulted from seed inoculation than from postemergence inoculation; however, those differences had largely disappeared by the third harvest. When applied as a surface spray under favorable environmental conditions, application of 1.4 kg/ha of peat‐base inoculum in 187 liters/ha of water produced first harvest alfalfa yields of 4,305, 3,985, 520, and 200 kg/ha for the 2, 4, 8‐week, and noninoculated treatments, respectively.
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Claims 3
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation at two or four weeks after emergence generally produced satisfactory nodulation and growth with all three techniques.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativae1 - Treatment
- inoculation treatmentse0
- Outcome
- nodulation and plant growthe0
RhizobiumNot reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Satisfactory nodulation and plant growth were generally obtained from inoculation treatments made 2 and 4 weeks after plant emergence with all three techniques.”
e1“alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.)”
e2“birdsfoot trefoil ( Lotus corniculatus L.)”
e3“Rhizobium strains”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation at eight weeks after emergence was unsuccessful.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Treatment
- Remedial inoculation treatmentse0
- Outcome
- unsuccessfule0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Remedial inoculation treatments made in late fall approximately 8 weeks after plant emergence were unsuccessful.”
e1“alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.)”
e2“Rhizobium strains”
Claim · model-written summary
At sufficient moisture, seed inoculation initially yielded more than postemergence inoculation; the difference largely disappeared by the third harvest.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Treatment
- seed inoculatione0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- those differences had largely disappeared by the third harveste0
- Comparator
- postemergence inoculatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With sufficient moisture availability, higher yields resulted from seed inoculation than from postemergence inoculation; however, those differences had largely disappeared by the third harvest.”
e1“alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.)”
e2“Rhizobium strains”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · Rhizobium · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.