Abstract
Field experiments were conducted at the University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff farm near Lonoke, AR, in 2007 and 2008 to evaluate the effects of sublethal rates of glufosinate on three glyphosate‐resistant soybean cultivars. Applications were 1/2, 1/4, and 1/8× the labeled rate of glufosinate at 0.55 lb/acre applied to soybean at three growth stages (V3, R1, and R5). Soybean response to glufosinate was visible 1 to 2 days following all applications and was detrimental to soybean yield. Symptoms from glufosinate consisted mainly of rapid necrosis of leaf tissue with little to no regrowth. Yield reductions ranged from 11 to 91%, depending on rate and soybean growth stage at application. Soybean cultivars responded similarly to glufosinate with some minor exceptions. Soybean was less sensitive to glufosinate when applied at the R1 growth stage than at V3 and R5 growth stages. Height reductions at harvest were the greatest at harvest when glufosinate was applied at the V3 growth stage. Soybean maturity was delayed only 2 to 5 days, regardless of glufosinate rate or soybean growth stage at application. Glufosinate applied at the 1/2× rate was the most detrimental to yield, regardless of timing. Yield data trends were consistent with the level of injury observed.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Glufosinate injury was visible one to two days after application.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- glufosinatee0
- Outcome
- response to glufosinate was visiblee0
- Value
- 1 to 2 dayse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean response to glufosinate was visible 1 to 2 days following all applications”
Claim · model-written summary
Glufosinate caused leaf necrosis with little regrowth.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- glufosinatee0
- Outcome
- rapid necrosis of leaf tissue with little to no regrowthe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Symptoms from glufosinate consisted mainly of rapid necrosis of leaf tissue with little to no regrowth”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Glufosinate reduced soybean yield by 11 to 91%, depending on rate and growth stage.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- glufosinatet0
- Outcome
- Yielde0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 11 to 91%e0
- Qualifier
- depending on rate and soybean growth stage at applicatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield reductions ranged from 11 to 91%, depending on rate and soybean growth stage at application”
t0“Glufosinate”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean cultivars responded similarly to glufosinate.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- responded similarly to glufosinate with some minor exceptionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean cultivars responded similarly to glufosinate with some minor exceptions”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean was less sensitive to glufosinate at R1 than at V3 and R5.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- glufosinate when applied at the R1 growth stagee0
- Outcome
- sensitive to glufosinatee0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- V3 and R5 growth stagese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean was less sensitive to glufosinate when applied at the R1 growth stage than at V3 and R5 growth stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Height reduction was greatest after V3 application.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- glufosinate was applied at the V3 growth stagee0
- Outcome
- Height reductions at harveste0
- Direction
- greateste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Height reductions at harvest were the greatest at harvest when glufosinate was applied at the V3 growth stage”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Glufosinate delayed soybean maturity by 2 to 5 days.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- glufosinatee0
- Outcome
- maturitye0
- Direction
- delayede0
- Value
- 2 to 5 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean maturity was delayed only 2 to 5 days, regardless of glufosinate rate or soybean growth stage at application”
Claim · model-written summary
The half-rate was most detrimental to soybean yield.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Glufosinate applied at the 1/2× ratee0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- most detrimentale0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glufosinate applied at the 1/2× rate was the most detrimental to yield, regardless of timing”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield trends followed observed injury levels.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- injurye0
- Outcome
- Yield data trendse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield data trends were consistent with the level of injury observed”
t0“Soybean”
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See all 121 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.