Abstract
Abstract Chilling during imbibition of Zea mays L. kernels resulted in anatomical lesions across the stele of radicles, and subsequently in reduced growth of radicles. The objective was to determine if stelar lesion formation accounted for the radicle growth reduction. Inheritance patterns, source of seedstodrs, maturity of kernels, and surgical treatments of pericarp and endosperm were used to compare lesion occurrence and radicle growth in laboratory evaluations of field‐grown seedstocks. Chilling injury of 5% (low) moisture kernels was measured as radicle growth reduction after a 48 hour hydration treatment at 5 C followed by 4 days at 25 C when compared to Similarly treated controls with 13% moisture kernels. Chilling injury was also measured as stelar lesion formation. In cresses between the sensitive inbred ‘Oh51A’ and the injury resistant inbred ‘B8,’ both radicle growth reduction and stelar lesion formation were receive characters. While the inheritance of either character was not altered substantially by the maternal parent in studies of intact kernels, pericarp damage in chilling sensitive crosses resulted in more severe radicle growth reduction without increasing lesion frequencies. Removal of the endosperm prior to imbibitional chilling resulted in lower lesion frequencies in sensitive inbreds and hybrids. Various sources of the Oh51A inbred had markedly different sensitivities to imbibitional chilling. Maximum sensitivity occurred before kernel maturation. Increasing kernel moisture to 13% before hydration at 5 C reduced or avoided injuries caused by imbibitional chilling of 5% moisture kernels. The embryo, pericarp, and endosperm each influenced the severity of imbibitional chilling injury. While the stelar lesion may contribute to radicle growth reduction, it was not the only factor responsible for imbibitional chilling injury of corn.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Chilling during imbibition produced stelar lesions and reduced radicle growth in corn.
Zea maysNot reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chilling during imbibition of Zea mays L. kernels resulted in anatomical lesions across the stele of radicles, and subsequently in reduced growth of radicles”
Claim · model-written summary
Chilling reduced radicle growth in corn.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chilling during imbibition of Zea mays L. kernels resulted in anatomical lesions across the stele of radicles, and subsequently in reduced growth of radicles”
Claim · model-written summary
Radicle growth reduction and stelar lesion formation were recessive characters in crosses of Oh51A and B8.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Material
- ‘Oh51A’e0
- Outcome
- radicle growth reduction and stelar lesion formation were receive characterse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In cresses between the sensitive inbred ‘Oh51A’ and the injury resistant inbred ‘B8,’ both radicle growth reduction and stelar lesion formation were receive characters”
t0“Corn Seedlings1”
Claim · model-written summary
Pericarp damage caused more severe radicle growth reduction in chilling sensitive crosses without increasing lesion frequency.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- pericarp damagee0
- Outcome
- radicle growth reductione0
- Direction
- more severee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pericarp damage in chilling sensitive crosses resulted in more severe radicle growth reduction without increasing lesion frequencies”
t0“Corn Seedlings1”
Claim · model-written summary
Pericarp damage did not increase stelar lesion frequency.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- pericarp damagee0
- Outcome
- lesion frequenciese0
- Direction
- without increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pericarp damage in chilling sensitive crosses resulted in more severe radicle growth reduction without increasing lesion frequencies”
t0“Corn Seedlings1”
Claim · model-written summary
Removing endosperm before chilling lowered lesion frequency in sensitive inbreds and hybrids.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Removal of the endosperm prior to imbibitional chillinge0
- Outcome
- lesion frequenciese0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Removal of the endosperm prior to imbibitional chilling resulted in lower lesion frequencies in sensitive inbreds and hybrids”
t0“Corn Seedlings1”
Claim · model-written summary
Oh51A seed sources differed markedly in chilling sensitivity.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- Oh51Ae0
- Outcome
- sensitivities to imbibitional chillinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Various sources of the Oh51A inbred had markedly different sensitivities to imbibitional chilling”
t0“Corn Seedlings1”
Claim · model-written summary
Chilling sensitivity was maximal before kernel maturation.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- kernel maturatione0
- Outcome
- Maximum sensitivitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum sensitivity occurred before kernel maturation”
t0“Corn Seedlings1”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing kernel moisture to 13% before chilling reduced or avoided injury.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Increasing kernel moisture to 13%e0
- Outcome
- injuries caused by imbibitional chillinge0
- Direction
- reduced or avoidede0
- Comparator
- 5% moisture kernelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing kernel moisture to 13% before hydration at 5 C reduced or avoided injuries caused by imbibitional chilling of 5% moisture kernels”
t0“Corn Seedlings1”
Claim · model-written summary
Embryo, pericarp and endosperm each influenced chilling injury severity.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- embryo, pericarp, and endosperme0
- Outcome
- severity of imbibitional chilling injurye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The embryo, pericarp, and endosperm each influenced the severity of imbibitional chilling injury”
t0“Corn Seedlings1”
Claim · model-written summary
Stelar lesions may contribute to radicle growth reduction but are not the sole source of chilling injury.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- radicle growth reductione0
- Qualifier
- stelar lesione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“While the stelar lesion may contribute to radicle growth reduction, it was not the only factor responsible for imbibitional chilling injury of corn”
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