Abstract
Effective weed management strategies are limited in organic cropping systems because herbicide use is prohibited. Enhancing crop competitive ability by integrating both cultural and mechanical weed control methods is a key strategy in such instances, but the relative efficacy of different cultural and mechanical strategies and their interactions and additive effects when combined is not well known. The objective of this study was to determine the individual and additive effects of cultural and mechanical methods on weed suppression and crop yield under organic conditions. A study was performed in two organically managed oat ( Avena sativa L.) cropping systems in Saskatoon, SK, Canada, in 2008 and 2009. Three cultural practices, two crop genotypes (competitive and less competitive), high and standard crop densities (500 and 250 plants m –2 ), narrow and standard row spacings (11.5 and 23 cm), and two post‐emergence tillage levels (harrowing and nonharrowed control) were factorially applied in a randomized block design. Increasing crop density and harrowing increased grain yield by 11 and 13%, respectively. Competitive genotype and high crop density reduced weed biomass by 22 and 52%, respectively. Combining high crop density with post‐emergence harrowing increased the grain yield by 25%. The combined treatment effects on weed biomass were more profound, as the competitive genotype, increased seeding rate, and post‐emergence harrowing decreased weed biomass by 71% compared with standard practices. Integrating cultural and mechanical weed management practices was superior to the use of individual practices because they additively control weeds in an organic cropping system.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing crop density increased oat grain yield by 11% relative to standard crop density.
- Taxon
- oat
Avena sativae0 - Treatment
- Increasing crop densitye1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 11e1
- Comparator
- standard crop densitiese3
- Setting
- Saskatoon, SK, Canadae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A study was performed in two organically managed oat ( Avena sativa L.) cropping systems in Saskatoon, SK, Canada, in 2008 and 2009”
e1“Increasing crop density and harrowing increased grain yield by 11 and 13%, respectively”
e3“high and standard crop densities (500 and 250 plants m –2 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Harrowing increased oat grain yield by 13% relative to the nonharrowed control.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- harrowinge1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 13%e1
- Comparator
- nonharrowed controle2
- Setting
- Saskatoon, SK, Canadae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A study was performed in two organically managed oat ( Avena sativa L.) cropping systems in Saskatoon, SK, Canada, in 2008 and 2009”
e1“Increasing crop density and harrowing increased grain yield by 11 and 13%, respectively”
e2“two post‐emergence tillage levels (harrowing and nonharrowed control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combining high crop density with post‐emergence harrowing increased oat grain yield by 25%.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- Combining high crop density with post‐emergence harrowinge4
- Outcome
- grain yielde4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 25%e4
- Setting
- Saskatoon, SK, Canadae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A study was performed in two organically managed oat ( Avena sativa L.) cropping systems in Saskatoon, SK, Canada, in 2008 and 2009”
e4“Combining high crop density with post‐emergence harrowing increased the grain yield by 25%”
Claim · model-written summary
The competitive oat genotype reduced weed biomass by 22% relative to the less competitive genotype.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Material
- competitivee6
- Treatment
- competitive genotypee5
- Interactor
- weede5weed
- Outcome
- weed biomasse5
- Direction
- reducede5
- Value
- 22e5
- Comparator
- less competitivee6
- Setting
- Saskatoon, SK, Canadae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A study was performed in two organically managed oat ( Avena sativa L.) cropping systems in Saskatoon, SK, Canada, in 2008 and 2009”
e5“Competitive genotype and high crop density reduced weed biomass by 22 and 52%, respectively”
e6“two crop genotypes (competitive and less competitive)”
Claim · model-written summary
High crop density reduced weed biomass by 52%.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- high crop densitye5
- Interactor
- weede5weed
- Outcome
- weed biomasse5
- Direction
- reducede5
- Value
- 52%e5
- Setting
- Saskatoon, SK, Canadae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A study was performed in two organically managed oat ( Avena sativa L.) cropping systems in Saskatoon, SK, Canada, in 2008 and 2009”
e5“Competitive genotype and high crop density reduced weed biomass by 22 and 52%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Competitive genotype, increased seeding rate and post‐emergence harrowing together decreased weed biomass by 71% compared with standard practices.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- competitive genotype, increased seeding rate, and post‐emergence harrowinge7
- Interactor
- weede7weed
- Outcome
- weed biomasse7
- Direction
- decreasede7
- Value
- 71%e7
- Comparator
- standard practicese7
- Setting
- Saskatoon, SK, Canadae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A study was performed in two organically managed oat ( Avena sativa L.) cropping systems in Saskatoon, SK, Canada, in 2008 and 2009”
e7“as the competitive genotype, increased seeding rate, and post‐emergence harrowing decreased weed biomass by 71% compared with standard practices”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated cultural and mechanical weed management was superior to individual practices in controlling weeds.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- Integrating cultural and mechanical weed management practicese6
- Outcome
- control weedse7
- Direction
- superiore6
- Comparator
- use of individual practicese6
- Setting
- Saskatoon, SK, Canadae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A study was performed in two organically managed oat ( Avena sativa L.) cropping systems in Saskatoon, SK, Canada, in 2008 and 2009”
e6“Integrating cultural and mechanical weed management practices was superior to the use of individual practices”
e7“they additively control weeds in an organic cropping system”
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- no effect
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- positive
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See all 5 papers →herbicide · weed · Avena sativa (oats)Results agree
12 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 13 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.