Abstract
When pea seeds were imbibed in water without their seed coats, vital staining revealed that cells on the abaxial surface of the cotyledons were dead. No damage occurred on the surface of cotyledons when the seeds were imbibed intact, or beneath the testa when only half of the testa was removed. Cell death occurred as a result of rapid water uptake within the first 2 min of imbibition, since reducing the rate of imbibition in solutions of Carbowax 4000 lessened the damage. Cell death was restricted to the outer layers of the cotyledons; inner tissues remained alive. These observations supported the hypothesis that rapid early leakage during imbibition of dry embryos resulted from the death of cells caused by the physical disruption of membranes. Imbibition damage resulted in reduced respiration and germination, a decline in the rate of food reserve transfer from the cotyledons to the growing axis, and a lower growth rate in the seedlings produced. Greater sensitivity of embryos to imbibition damage at low temperature, and similarities between features of imbibition damage and chilling injury led to the suggestion that so-called chilling injury is the result of imbibition damage rather than the effects of low temperature.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Imbibing pea seeds without their seed coats killed cells on the abaxial surface of the cotyledons, whereas intact seeds showed no such damage.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Organ / stage
- abaxial surface of the cotyledonse0
- Treatment
- imbibed in water without their seed coatse0
- Outcome
- cells on the abaxial surface of the cotyledons were deade0
- Comparator
- imbibed intacte1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When pea seeds were imbibed in water without their seed coats, vital staining revealed that cells on the abaxial surface of the cotyledons were dead”
e1“No damage occurred on the surface of cotyledons when the seeds were imbibed intact, or beneath the testa when only half of the testa was removed”
Claim · model-written summary
Intact pea seeds showed no damage on the cotyledon surface during imbibition.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- imbibed intacte1
- Outcome
- damage occurred on the surface of cotyledonse1
- Comparator
- without their seed coatse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When pea seeds were imbibed in water without their seed coats, vital staining revealed that cells on the abaxial surface of the cotyledons were dead”
e1“No damage occurred on the surface of cotyledons when the seeds were imbibed intact, or beneath the testa when only half of the testa was removed”
Claim · model-written summary
Removing only half of the testa caused no damage beneath the testa during imbibition.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- only half of the testa was removede1
- Outcome
- damagee1
- Qualifier
- beneath the testae1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When pea seeds were imbibed in water without their seed coats, vital staining revealed that cells on the abaxial surface of the cotyledons were dead”
e1“No damage occurred on the surface of cotyledons when the seeds were imbibed intact, or beneath the testa when only half of the testa was removed”
Claim · model-written summary
Slowing imbibition in Carbowax 4000 solutions lessened cell death damage in pea seeds.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- reducing the rate of imbibition in solutions of Carbowax 4000e2
- Outcome
- the damagee2
- Direction
- lessenede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When pea seeds were imbibed in water without their seed coats, vital staining revealed that cells on the abaxial surface of the cotyledons were dead”
e2“Cell death occurred as a result of rapid water uptake within the first 2 min of imbibition, since reducing the rate of imbibition in solutions of Carbowax 4000 lessened the damage”
Claim · model-written summary
Cell death in imbibing pea seeds was restricted to the outer cotyledon layers, with inner tissues remaining alive.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Organ / stage
- outer layers of the cotyledonse3
- Outcome
- Cell death was restricted to the outer layerse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When pea seeds were imbibed in water without their seed coats, vital staining revealed that cells on the abaxial surface of the cotyledons were dead”
e3“Cell death was restricted to the outer layers of the cotyledons; inner tissues remained alive”
Claim · model-written summary
Cell death in pea seeds resulted from rapid water uptake within the first 2 min of imbibition.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Outcome
- Cell deathe2
- Qualifier
- rapid water uptake within the first 2 min of imbibitione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When pea seeds were imbibed in water without their seed coats, vital staining revealed that cells on the abaxial surface of the cotyledons were dead”
e2“Cell death occurred as a result of rapid water uptake within the first 2 min of imbibition, since reducing the rate of imbibition in solutions of Carbowax 4000 lessened the damage”
Claim · model-written summary
Imbibition damage reduced respiration and germination in pea embryos.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- Imbibition damagee4
- Outcome
- respiration and germinatione4
- Direction
- reducede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When pea seeds were imbibed in water without their seed coats, vital staining revealed that cells on the abaxial surface of the cotyledons were dead”
e4“Imbibition damage resulted in reduced respiration and germination, a decline in the rate of food reserve transfer from the cotyledons to the growing axis, and a lower growth rate in the seedlings produced”
Claim · model-written summary
Imbibition damage declined the rate of food reserve transfer from the cotyledons to the growing axis.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- Imbibition damagee4
- Outcome
- rate of food reserve transfer from the cotyledons to the growing axise4
- Direction
- declinee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When pea seeds were imbibed in water without their seed coats, vital staining revealed that cells on the abaxial surface of the cotyledons were dead”
e4“Imbibition damage resulted in reduced respiration and germination, a decline in the rate of food reserve transfer from the cotyledons to the growing axis, and a lower growth rate in the seedlings produced”
Claim · model-written summary
Imbibition damage lowered the growth rate of the seedlings produced.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- Imbibition damagee4
- Outcome
- growth rate in the seedlingse4
- Direction
- lowere4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When pea seeds were imbibed in water without their seed coats, vital staining revealed that cells on the abaxial surface of the cotyledons were dead”
e4“Imbibition damage resulted in reduced respiration and germination, a decline in the rate of food reserve transfer from the cotyledons to the growing axis, and a lower growth rate in the seedlings produced”
Claim · model-written summary
Pea embryos were more sensitive to imbibition damage at low temperature.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- low temperaturee5
- Outcome
- sensitivity of embryos to imbibition damagee5
- Direction
- Greatere5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When pea seeds were imbibed in water without their seed coats, vital staining revealed that cells on the abaxial surface of the cotyledons were dead”
e5“Greater sensitivity of embryos to imbibition damage at low temperature”
Claim · model-written summary
Chilling injury may be the result of imbibition damage rather than of low temperature.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- imbibition damagee6
- Outcome
- so-called chilling injurye6
- Qualifier
- rather than the effects of low temperaturee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When pea seeds were imbibed in water without their seed coats, vital staining revealed that cells on the abaxial surface of the cotyledons were dead”
e6“so-called chilling injury is the result of imbibition damage rather than the effects of low temperature”
Claim · model-written summary
Rapid early leakage during imbibition of dry pea embryos was attributed to the death of cells caused by physical disruption of membranes.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Outcome
- rapid early leakage during imbibitione7
- Qualifier
- death of cells caused by the physical disruption of membranese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When pea seeds were imbibed in water without their seed coats, vital staining revealed that cells on the abaxial surface of the cotyledons were dead”
e7“These observations supported the hypothesis that rapid early leakage during imbibition of dry embryos resulted from the death of cells caused by the physical disruption of membranes”
The same questions in other papers
cold · pest · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.