Abstract
There is little information on how NaCl levels affect the biochemical responses of onion (Allium cepa L.) seedlings. Seed of the varieties N-2-4-1 (variety 1), B-780 (variety 2), Phule Samarth (variety 3), Bhima Red (variety 4), Bhima Raj (variety 5), and Bhima Super (variety 6) were exposed to NaCl levels from 42.78 mM (0.25%) to 171.11 mM (1.0%). Varietal differences were observed for all parameters investigated. Increasing salt level adversely affected seed germination potential and seedling growth in all varieties. The minimum and maximum decline in germination percentage with respect to the control was observed in variety 2 (36.81%) and variety 6 (82.0%), respectively, at 1.0% NaCl. In addition, variety 2 presented the lowest decline in seedling growth at 1.0% NaCl. Total protein, carbohydrate, and proline contents of seedlings were higher than control in seeds germinated at 0.75%–1.0% of NaCl. The greatest increases in protein (16-fold) and carbohydrate (9-fold) contents were recorded for variety 3 and variety 6, respectively. Increase in catalase activity in response to NaCl level was around twofold in varieties 1, 2, and 3 at 1.0% NaCl. Electrophoretic patterns of catalase, peroxidase, malate dehydrogenase, and esterase enzymes of seeds germinated at different NaCl levels were not very different from the pattern presented by the controls. This difference was either in the number of bands (isoforms) or their staining intensities. Germination and seedling growth data indicated that onion variety 2 was the most salt tolerant of all varieties examined. In addition, the greatest proline content increase (5-fold) in response to NaCl level (1.0%) was for variety 2, which suggests that salinity tolerance may be attributed to proline accumulation.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Investigated onion varieties differed across all measured parameters.
- Taxon
- onion (Allium cepa L.)
Allium cepat0 - Outcome
- Varietal differencese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Varietal differences were observed for all parameters investigated”
t0“onion (Allium cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing salt reduced germination potential and seedling growth in all onion varieties.
- Taxon
- onion (Allium cepa L.)Allium cepat0
- Treatment
- Increasing salt levele0
- Outcome
- seed germination potential and seedling growthe0
- Direction
- adversely affectede0
- Qualifier
- all varietiese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing salt level adversely affected seed germination potential and seedling growth in all varieties”
t0“onion (Allium cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 1.0% NaCl, B-780 showed the smallest germination decline versus control, 36.81%.
- Taxon
- onion (Allium cepa L.)Allium cepat0
- Material
- variety 2e0
- Treatment
- 1.0% NaCle0
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- declinee0
- Value
- 36.81%e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The minimum and maximum decline in germination percentage with respect to the control was observed in variety 2 (36.81%) and variety 6 (82.0%), respectively, at 1.0% NaCl”
t0“onion (Allium cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 1.0% NaCl, Bhima Super showed the largest germination decline versus control, 82.0%.
- Taxon
- onion (Allium cepa L.)Allium cepat0
- Material
- variety 6e0
- Treatment
- 1.0% NaCle0
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- declinee0
- Value
- 82.0%e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The minimum and maximum decline in germination percentage with respect to the control was observed in variety 2 (36.81%) and variety 6 (82.0%), respectively, at 1.0% NaCl”
t0“onion (Allium cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Variety 2 had the lowest seedling growth decline at 1.0% NaCl.
- Taxon
- onion (Allium cepa L.)Allium cepat0
- Material
- variety 2e0
- Treatment
- 1.0% NaCle0
- Outcome
- seedling growthe0
- Direction
- lowest declinee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“variety 2 presented the lowest decline in seedling growth at 1.0% NaCl”
t0“onion (Allium cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion seedling protein, carbohydrate and proline contents were higher after germination at 0.75%–1.0% NaCl than control.
- Taxon
- onion (Allium cepa L.)Allium cepat0
- Organ / stage
- seedlingse0
- Treatment
- 0.75%–1.0% of NaCle0
- Outcome
- Total protein, carbohydrate, and proline contentse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total protein, carbohydrate, and proline contents of seedlings were higher than control in seeds germinated at 0.75%–1.0% of NaCl”
t0“onion (Allium cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Variety 3 had the greatest protein increase, 16-fold.
- Taxon
- onion (Allium cepa L.)Allium cepat0
- Material
- variety 3e0
- Outcome
- proteine0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 16-folde0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The greatest increases in protein (16-fold) and carbohydrate (9-fold) contents were recorded for variety 3 and variety 6, respectively”
t0“onion (Allium cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Variety 6 had the greatest carbohydrate increase, 9-fold.
- Taxon
- onion (Allium cepa L.)Allium cepat0
- Material
- variety 6e0
- Outcome
- carbohydratee0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 9-folde0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The greatest increases in protein (16-fold) and carbohydrate (9-fold) contents were recorded for variety 3 and variety 6, respectively”
t0“onion (Allium cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 1.0% NaCl, catalase activity increased about twofold in varieties 1, 2 and 3.
- Taxon
- onion (Allium cepa L.)Allium cepat0
- Material
- varieties 1, 2, and 3e0
- Treatment
- 1.0% NaCle0
- Gene
- catalasee0
- Outcome
- catalase activitye0
- Direction
- Increasee0
- Value
- twofolde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increase in catalase activity in response to NaCl level was around twofold in varieties 1, 2, and 3 at 1.0% NaCl”
t0“onion (Allium cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Catalase, peroxidase, malate dehydrogenase and esterase band patterns were little changed by NaCl.
- Taxon
- onion (Allium cepa L.)Allium cepat0
- Treatment
- different NaCl levelse0
- Outcome
- Electrophoretic patterns of catalase, peroxidase, malate dehydrogenase, and esterase enzymese0
- Direction
- not very differente0
- Comparator
- the controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Electrophoretic patterns of catalase, peroxidase, malate dehydrogenase, and esterase enzymes of seeds germinated at different NaCl levels were not very different from the pattern presented by the controls”
t0“onion (Allium cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Variety 2 was judged the most salt tolerant from germination and growth data.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Material
- variety 2e0
- Outcome
- most salt tolerante0
- Direction
- most salt tolerante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination and seedling growth data indicated that onion variety 2 was the most salt tolerant of all varieties examined”
Claim · model-written summary
Variety 2 had the greatest proline increase, fivefold, at 1.0% NaCl.
- Taxon
- onion (Allium cepa L.)Allium cepat0
- Material
- variety 2e0
- Treatment
- NaCl level (1.0%)e0
- Outcome
- proline contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 5-folde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the greatest proline content increase (5-fold) in response to NaCl level (1.0%) was for variety 2”
t0“onion (Allium cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest proline accumulation may explain variety 2 salt tolerance.
- Taxon
- onion (Allium cepa L.)Allium cepat0
- Compound
- prolinee0
- Outcome
- salinity tolerancee0
- Qualifier
- may be attributed to proline accumulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which suggests that salinity tolerance may be attributed to proline accumulation”
t0“onion (Allium cepa L.)”
The same questions in other papers
sodium chloride · growth · Allium cepa (onion)Results agree
11 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
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See all 12 papers →salinity · growth · Allium cepa (onion)Results differ
39 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- negative
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See all 46 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.