Abstract
Cultural management practices play important roles in minimizing losses caused by Fusarium head blight (FHB) and leaf spotting diseases (leaf‐spot) in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). A field experiment was conducted in Ottawa, Canada, for 3 yr (2003–2005) in two sites representing clay loam and sandy loam soils to examine the effects of planting date and N management on the incidence and severity of FHB and leaf‐spot {tan spot, Septoria leaf blotch and Stagonospora nodorum blotch) in spring wheat. The cultivar AC Brio was seeded at three dates at approximately 10‐d intervals starting in the last week of April. The five N treatments included 0, 60, and 100 kg N ha −1 applied as starter; 60 + 40 kg N ha −1 (starter + top‐dress at boot stage); and 60 + 40 kg N ha −1 (starter + foliar spray at boot stage). Generally, incidence of FHB and severity of leaf‐spot were greater in the heavy‐textured soil than in the light‐textured soil. Across site–year, the incidence of FHB ranged from 13 to 45%, and severity varied from 14 and 52%. On both soils, planting date had a consistently greater effect on the incidence and severity of FHB: the later the planting date beyond 9 May, the greater the incidence of FHB. The late‐planted wheat also had the greatest severity of leaf‐spot. Planting after 9 May also significantly reduced grain yield by 15 to 45%. Wheat grown without added N had the greatest incidence of FHB and leaf‐spot severities than that supplied with adequate N, especially in the heavy‐textured soil. The effect of N on FHB was not consistent over site–years, but leaf‐spot was significantly reduced with a starter application of N at 100 kg ha −1 . Our data indicate that environmental variation induced by different planting dates or by different growing seasons and site appeared to have greater effects on FHB and leaf‐spot in wheat than N application. The results suggest that the incidence of FHB and severity of leaf‐spot in spring wheat can be minimized through early planting combined with adequate starter N application.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
FHB incidence was generally greater in heavy- than light-textured soil.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Outcome
- incidence of FHBe0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- light‐textured soile0
- Setting
- heavy‐textured soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“incidence of FHB and severity of leaf‐spot were greater in the heavy‐textured soil than in the light‐textured soil.”
e1“in spring wheat.”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf-spot severity was generally greater in heavy- than light-textured soil.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- severity of leaf‐spote0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- light‐textured soile0
- Setting
- heavy‐textured soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“incidence of FHB and severity of leaf‐spot were greater in the heavy‐textured soil than in the light‐textured soil.”
e1“in spring wheat.”
Claim · model-written summary
FHB incidence across site-years ranged from 13 to 45%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- incidence of FHBe0
- Value
- 13 to 45%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Across site–year, the incidence of FHB ranged from 13 to 45%”
e1“in spring wheat.”
Claim · model-written summary
FHB severity across site-years ranged from 14 to 52%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- severitye0
- Value
- 14 and 52%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“severity varied from 14 and 52%”
e1“in spring wheat.”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting after 9 May increased FHB incidence.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- planting date beyond 9 Maye0
- Outcome
- incidence of FHBe0
- Direction
- greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the later the planting date beyond 9 May, the greater the incidence of FHB.”
e1“in spring wheat.”
Claim · model-written summary
Late planting produced the greatest leaf-spot severity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- late‐plantede0
- Outcome
- severity of leaf‐spote0
- Direction
- greateste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The late‐planted wheat also had the greatest severity of leaf‐spot.”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting after 9 May significantly reduced grain yield by 15 to 45%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Planting after 9 Maye0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 15 to 45%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Planting after 9 May also significantly reduced grain yield by 15 to 45%.”
e1“in spring wheat.”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat without added nitrogen had more FHB than wheat with adequate nitrogen.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- without added Ne0
- Outcome
- incidence of FHBe0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Comparator
- adequate Ne0
- Setting
- heavy‐textured soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat grown without added N had the greatest incidence of FHB and leaf‐spot severities than that supplied with adequate N, especially in the heavy‐textured soil.”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat without added nitrogen had more severe leaf spot than wheat with adequate nitrogen.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- without added Ne0
- Outcome
- leaf‐spot severitiese0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Comparator
- adequate Ne0
- Setting
- heavy‐textured soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat grown without added N had the greatest incidence of FHB and leaf‐spot severities than that supplied with adequate N, especially in the heavy‐textured soil.”
Claim · model-written summary
The effect of nitrogen on FHB was inconsistent across site-years.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- effect of N on FHBe0
- Qualifier
- not consistent over site–yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of N on FHB was not consistent over site–years”
e1“in spring wheat.”
Claim · model-written summary
Starter nitrogen at 100 kg ha −1 significantly reduced leaf spot.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- starter application of N at 100 kg ha −1e0
- Outcome
- leaf‐spote0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf‐spot was significantly reduced with a starter application of N at 100 kg ha −1”
e1“in spring wheat.”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting date and season or site variation appeared to affect wheat diseases more than nitrogen application.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- FHB and leaf‐spote0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- N applicatione0
- Setting
- different growing seasons and sitee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“environmental variation induced by different planting dates or by different growing seasons and site appeared to have greater effects on FHB and leaf‐spot in wheat than N application.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend early planting with adequate starter nitrogen to minimize FHB incidence and leaf-spot severity.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- early planting combined with adequate starter N applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the incidence of FHB and severity of leaf‐spot in spring wheat can be minimized through early planting combined with adequate starter N application.”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · disease · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
22 papers in the same direction as this paper · 29 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
48 papers more in this group
See all 52 papers →sowing time · disease · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
19 papers more in this group
See all 23 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.