Abstract
Summary The effect of inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense on growth, water status and yield of dryland sorghum (cv. RS 610 and cv. H-226) growing on stored soil moisture was examined in three field experiments conducted during the years 1983–5. Plants were sampled at regular intervals, and the following characteristics were measured: dry-matter accumulation, leaf area, grain yield, percentage nitrogen and phosphorus in leaves, leaf water potential, canopy temperature, transpiration, stomatal conductance and soil water depletion. Inoculation led to an average increase of 19% in total stover dry-matter yield, as a result of higher rates of dry-matter accumulation during the early stages of growth. Azospirillum inoculation caused a 15–18% increase in grain yield in all three experiments. This increase was associated with a greater number of seeds per panicle. The water regime of sorghum plants was improved by inoculation, as seen in their higher leaf water potential, lower canopy temperatures and greater stomatal conductance and transpiration. Total extraction of soil moisture by inoculated plants was greater (by about 15%) and occurred from deeper soil layers, compared with non-inoculated controls. These findings indicate that inoculation with Azospirillum can lead to yield increases in dryland grain sorghum, primarily through improved utilization of soil moisture.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation increased total stover dry matter yield by 19%.
- Taxon
- grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
Sorghum bicolort0 - Treatment
- Inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Azospirillum brasilense
Azospirillum brasilensee1symbiont - Outcome
- total stover dry-matter yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 19%e0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated controlse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation led to an average increase of 19% in total stover dry-matter yield”
t0“grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)”
e1“inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense”
e2“compared with non-inoculated controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation increased grain yield by 15–18% in all three experiments.
- Taxon
- grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)Sorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- Azospirillum inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Azospirillum
Azospirillume0symbiont - Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 15–18%e0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated controlse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Azospirillum inoculation caused a 15–18% increase in grain yield in all three experiments”
t0“grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)”
e1“compared with non-inoculated controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater grain yield was associated with more seeds per panicle.
- Taxon
- grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)Sorghum bicolort0
- Organ / stage
- paniclee0
- Outcome
- number of seeds per paniclee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- associated withe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This increase was associated with a greater number of seeds per panicle”
e1“increase in grain yield”
t0“grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation improved leaf water potential.
- Treatment
- inoculatione0
- Outcome
- leaf water potentiale0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated controlse1
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The water regime of sorghum plants was improved by inoculation, as seen in their higher leaf water potential”
e1“compared with non-inoculated controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation lowered canopy temperatures.
- Treatment
- inoculatione1
- Outcome
- canopy temperaturese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated controlse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lower canopy temperatures”
e1“improved by inoculation”
e2“sorghum plants”
e3“compared with non-inoculated controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation increased stomatal conductance and transpiration.
- Treatment
- inoculatione1
- Outcome
- stomatal conductance and transpiratione0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated controlse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“greater stomatal conductance and transpiration”
e1“improved by inoculation”
e2“sorghum plants”
e3“compared with non-inoculated controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated plants extracted about 15% more soil moisture from deeper layers.
- Taxon
- grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)Sorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- Azospirillum inoculatione1
- Interactor
- AzospirillumAzospirillume1symbiont
- Outcome
- Total extraction of soil moisturee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- about 15%e0
- Qualifier
- deeper soil layerse0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total extraction of soil moisture by inoculated plants was greater (by about 15%) and occurred from deeper soil layers, compared with non-inoculated controls”
t0“grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)”
e1“Azospirillum inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher stover yield resulted from faster early dry matter accumulation.
- Taxon
- grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)Sorghum bicolort0
- Outcome
- total stover dry-matter yielde1
- Qualifier
- higher rates of dry-matter accumulation during the early stages of growthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“as a result of higher rates of dry-matter accumulation during the early stages of growth”
e1“19% in total stover dry-matter yield”
t0“grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)”
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inoculation · physiology: water · SorghumResults agree
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.