Abstract
Controlled release (CR) formulations of imidacloprid (1-(6 chloro-3-pyridinyl methyl)-N- nitro imidazolidin-2- ylideneamine) were prepared using novel amphiphilic polymers synthesized from polyethylene glycol and aliphatic diacids employing encapsulation technique. The bioefficacy of the prepared CR formulations was evaluated against major pests of soybean, namely stem fly, Melanagromyza sojae Zehntmer and white fly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius along with a commercial formulation at the experimental farm of Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi during kharif 2009 and 2010. Most of the CR formulations of imidacloprid gave significantly better control of the pests compare to its commercial formulations, however the CR formulations, Poly [poly (oxyethylene-1000)-oxy suberoyl] amphiphilic polymer based formulation performed better over others for controlling of both stem fly incidence and Yellow Mosaic Virus (YMV) infestation transmitted by white fly. Some of the developed CR formulations recorded higher yield over commercial formulation and control. Nodulation pattern of soybean was not affected due to treatment of CR and commercial formulations of imidacloprid. Also the residues of imidacloprid in seed and soil at harvest were not detectable for both CR and commercial formulations.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Most controlled release imidacloprid formulations controlled soybean pests significantly better than commercial formulations.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- CR formulations of imidaclopride0
- Interactor
- Melanagromyza sojae Zehntmer
Melanagromyza sojaee1pest - Second interactor
- Bemisia tabaci Gennadius
Bemisia tabacie1pest - Outcome
- control of the pestse0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- commercial formulationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Most of the CR formulations of imidacloprid gave significantly better control of the pests compare to its commercial formulations”
t0“soybean (Glycine max)”
e1“stem fly, Melanagromyza sojae Zehntmer and white fly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius”
Claim · model-written summary
The Poly [poly (oxyethylene-1000)-oxy suberoyl] formulation performed better than others in controlling stem fly incidence and YMV infestation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Poly [poly (oxyethylene-1000)-oxy suberoyl] amphiphilic polymer based formulatione0
- Interactor
- Yellow Mosaic Virus
Yellow mosaic viruse0pathogen - Second interactor
- stem flye0pest
- Outcome
- stem fly incidence and Yellow Mosaic Virus (YMV) infestatione0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Qualifier
- transmitted by white flye0
- Comparator
- otherse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the CR formulations, Poly [poly (oxyethylene-1000)-oxy suberoyl] amphiphilic polymer based formulation performed better over others for controlling of both stem fly incidence and Yellow Mosaic Virus (YMV) infestation transmitted by white fly.”
t0“soybean (Glycine max)”
Claim · model-written summary
Some controlled release formulations increased soybean yield over commercial formulation and control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- developed CR formulationse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- commercial formulation and controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Some of the developed CR formulations recorded higher yield over commercial formulation and control.”
t0“soybean (Glycine max)”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid formulations did not affect soybean nodulation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- CR and commercial formulations of imidaclopride0
- Outcome
- Nodulation patterne0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nodulation pattern of soybean was not affected due to treatment of CR and commercial formulations of imidacloprid.”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid residues were undetectable in soybean seed at harvest for both formulation types.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- seede0
- Treatment
- CR and commercial formulationse0
- Outcome
- residues of imidaclopride0
- Qualifier
- at harveste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Also the residues of imidacloprid in seed and soil at harvest were not detectable for both CR and commercial formulations.”
t0“soybean (Glycine max)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil imidacloprid residues were undetectable at harvest for both formulation types.
- Treatment
- CR and commercial formulationse0
- Outcome
- residues of imidaclopride0
- Qualifier
- at harveste0
- Setting
- soile0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Also the residues of imidacloprid in seed and soil at harvest were not detectable for both CR and commercial formulations.”
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See all 1,192 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.