Abstract
Abstract Nitrogen (N)‐fertilizer applications to field‐grown maize may result in a dilution response whereby essential mineral‐element concentrations in shoots would decrease as shoot‐dry‐matter accumulation increased. To investigate this, the effect of N‐fertilizer treatments (no N or fertilizer rate based upon 5.3 or 8.5 t ha –1 yield goal) on maize ( Zea mays L.) shoot dry weight and shoot mineral concentrations (N, P, K, S, Mg, Ca, and Mn) at the sixth leaf (V6), twelfth leaf (V12), and tassel (VT) development stages were investigated in a 2‐year study conducted at Brookings, South Dakota (USA). With increasing N‐fertilizer application rates, shoot dry weight was greater and shoot P and K concentrations decreased. A possible explanation of this dilution response is that planting‐time P and K fertilizers, which were applied in a band near the seed furrow, may have enhanced the uptake of P and K in a manner that was independent of N‐fertilizer treatments. Increased shoot‐dry‐weight production due to the application of N fertilizers, if P and K uptake were similar across N‐fertilizer treatments, would lead to decreased shoot P and K concentrations in N‐sufficient compared with N‐deficient plants. Conversely, N‐fertilizer‐induced increases in shoot dry weight were accompanied by increased shoot concentrations of N, Ca, and Mn. This synergistic response between dry‐weight accumulation and shoot N concentration was present at all leaf developmental stages studied, while that for Ca was present only at VT. Thus, N fertilizer applications that increase shoot dry weight can affect the dilution and synergistic responses of specific mineral nutrients in maize shoots. Crop developmental stage as well as the location of these specific mineral nutrients in the soil profile might play important roles in mediating these responses.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrogen fertilizer raised maize shoot dry weight.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With increasing N‐fertilizer application rates, shoot dry weight was greater and shoot P and K concentrations decreased.”
e1“maize ( Zea mays L.) shoot dry weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrogen fertilizer decreased maize shoot P and K concentrations.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With increasing N‐fertilizer application rates, shoot dry weight was greater and shoot P and K concentrations decreased.”
e1“maize ( Zea mays L.) shoot dry weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizer increased maize shoot N concentration at all studied leaf stages.
- Treatment
- N‐fertilizere0
- Outcome
- shoot N concentratione1
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- all leaf developmental stages studiede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N‐fertilizer‐induced increases in shoot dry weight were accompanied by increased shoot concentrations of N, Ca, and Mn.”
e1“This synergistic response between dry‐weight accumulation and shoot N concentration was present at all leaf developmental stages studied”
e2“maize ( Zea mays L.) shoot dry weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizer increased maize shoot Ca concentration, with the synergistic response present only at VT.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N‐fertilizer‐induced increases in shoot dry weight were accompanied by increased shoot concentrations of N, Ca, and Mn.”
e1“while that for Ca was present only at VT”
e2“maize ( Zea mays L.) shoot dry weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizer increased maize shoot Mn concentration.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N‐fertilizer‐induced increases in shoot dry weight were accompanied by increased shoot concentrations of N, Ca, and Mn.”
e1“maize ( Zea mays L.) shoot dry weight”
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