Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted to examine the effects of three different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Glomus mosseae, G. deserticola and Gigaspora gergaria , on growth and nutrition of wheat ( Triticum aestivium L. cv. Henta) plants grown in saline soil. Under saline condition, mycorrhizal inoculation significantly increased growth responses, nutrient contents, acid and alkaline phosphatases, proline and total soluble protein of wheat plants compared to non-mycorrhizal ones. Those stimulations were related to the metabolic activity of the each mycorrhizal fungus. The localization of succinate dehydrogenase “SDH” (as a vital stain for the metabolically active fungus) in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was variable. In general, mycorrhizal shoot plant tissues had significantly higher concentrations of P, N, K and Mg but lower Na concentration than those of non-mycorrhizal plants. In saline soil, growth and nutrition of wheat plants showed a high degree of dependency on mycorrhizal fungi (especially G. mosseae ). The use of the nitroblue tetrazolium chloride method as a vital stain for SDH activity showed that all the structures of mycorrhizal infections in the wheat plant estimated by the trypan blue staining (non-vital stain) were not metabolically active. Interestingly, the reduction in Na uptake along with associated increases in P, N and Mg absorption and high proline, phosphatase activities and chlorophyll content in the mycorrhizal plants could be important for salt alleviation in plants growing in saline soils.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation significantly increased wheat growth in saline soil.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- mycorrhizal inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Glomus mosseae
Funneliformis mosseaee1symbiont - Outcome
- growth responsese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- non-mycorrhizal onese0
- Setting
- saline conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under saline condition, mycorrhizal inoculation significantly increased growth responses, nutrient contents, acid and alkaline phosphatases, proline and total soluble protein of wheat plants compared to non-mycorrhizal ones”
e1“Glomus mosseae, G. deserticola and Gigaspora gergaria”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation significantly increased wheat nutrient contents.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- mycorrhizal inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Glomus mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee1symbiont
- Outcome
- nutrient contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- non-mycorrhizal onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under saline condition, mycorrhizal inoculation significantly increased growth responses, nutrient contents, acid and alkaline phosphatases, proline and total soluble protein of wheat plants compared to non-mycorrhizal ones”
e1“Glomus mosseae, G. deserticola and Gigaspora gergaria”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation significantly increased acid and alkaline phosphatases, proline and total soluble protein.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- mycorrhizal inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Glomus mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee1symbiont
- Outcome
- acid and alkaline phosphatases, proline and total soluble proteine0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- non-mycorrhizal onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under saline condition, mycorrhizal inoculation significantly increased growth responses, nutrient contents, acid and alkaline phosphatases, proline and total soluble protein of wheat plants compared to non-mycorrhizal ones”
e1“Glomus mosseae, G. deserticola and Gigaspora gergaria”
Claim · model-written summary
Metabolic activity varied among mycorrhizal fungi.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Interactor
- arbuscular mycorrhizal fungie0symbiont
- Outcome
- localization of succinate dehydrogenase “SDH”e0
- Direction
- variablee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The localization of succinate dehydrogenase “SDH” (as a vital stain for the metabolically active fungus) in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was variable”
e1“wheat ( Triticum aestivium L. cv. Henta) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal shoots had significantly higher P, N, K and Mg concentrations.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Organ / stage
- shoot plant tissuese0
- Treatment
- mycorrhizale0
- Interactor
- arbuscular mycorrhizal fungie2symbiont
- Outcome
- concentrations of P, N, K and Mge0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- non-mycorrhizal plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mycorrhizal shoot plant tissues had significantly higher concentrations of P, N, K and Mg but lower Na concentration than those of non-mycorrhizal plants”
e1“wheat ( Triticum aestivium L. cv. Henta) plants”
e2“effects of three different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal shoots had lower Na concentration.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- mycorrhizale0
- Interactor
- arbuscular mycorrhizal fungie2symbiont
- Outcome
- Na concentratione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- non-mycorrhizal plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mycorrhizal shoot plant tissues had significantly higher concentrations of P, N, K and Mg but lower Na concentration than those of non-mycorrhizal plants”
e1“wheat ( Triticum aestivium L. cv. Henta) plants”
e2“effects of three different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat growth and nutrition in saline soil depended strongly on mycorrhizal fungi, especially G. mosseae.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizal fungie0symbiont
- Outcome
- growth and nutritione0
- Qualifier
- especially G. mosseaee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In saline soil, growth and nutrition of wheat plants showed a high degree of dependency on mycorrhizal fungi (especially G. mosseae )”
Claim · model-written summary
Some stained mycorrhizal infection structures in wheat were not metabolically active.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- arbuscular mycorrhizal fungie1symbiont
- Outcome
- structures of mycorrhizal infections in the wheat plante0
- Comparator
- trypan blue staininge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of the nitroblue tetrazolium chloride method as a vital stain for SDH activity showed that all the structures of mycorrhizal infections in the wheat plant estimated by the trypan blue staining (non-vital stain) were not metabolically active”
e1“effects of three different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced Na uptake with higher nutrient absorption, proline, phosphatase activities and chlorophyll may contribute to salt alleviation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Interactor
- arbuscular mycorrhizal fungie2symbiont
- Outcome
- salt alleviatione0
- Qualifier
- reduction in Na uptakee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the reduction in Na uptake along with associated increases in P, N and Mg absorption and high proline, phosphatase activities and chlorophyll content in the mycorrhizal plants could be important for salt alleviation in plants growing in saline soils”
e1“wheat ( Triticum aestivium L. cv. Henta) plants”
e2“effects of three different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi”
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