Abstract
We have isolated, sequenced, and expressed a cold-specific cDNA clone, Wcs120, that specifically hybridizes to a major mRNA species of approximately 1650 nucleotides from cold-acclimated wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The accumulation of this mRNA was induced in less than 24 hours of cold treatment, and remained at a high steady-state level during the entire period of cold acclimation in the two freezing-tolerant genotypes of wheat tested. The expression of Wcs120 was transient in a less-tolerant genotype even though the genomic organization of the Wcs120 and the relative copy number were the same in the three genotypes. The mRNA level decreased rapidly during deacclimation and was not induced by heat shock, drought, or abscisic acid. The Wcs120 cDNA contains a long open reading frame encoding a protein of 390 amino acids. The encoded protein is boiling stable, highly hydrophilic, and has a compositional bias for glycine (26.7%), threonine (16.7%), and histidine (10.8%), although cysteine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan were absent. The WCS120 protein contains two repeated domains. Domain A has the consensus amino acid sequence GEKKGVMENIKEKLPGGHGDHQQ, which is repeated 6 times, whereas domain B has the sequence TGGTYGQQGHTGTT, which is repeated 11 times. The two domains were also found in barley dehydrins and rice abscisic acid-induced protein families. The expression of this cDNA in Escherichia coli, using the T(7) RNA polymerase promoter, produced a protein of 50 kilodaltons with an isoelectric point of 7.3, and this product comigrated with a major protein synthesized in vivo and in vitro during cold acclimation.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Wcs120 hybridized to an approximately 1650 nucleotide mRNA in cold-acclimated wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Gene
- Wcs120e0
- Outcome
- major mRNA speciese0
- Value
- approximately 1650 nucleotidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wcs120, that specifically hybridizes to a major mRNA species of approximately 1650 nucleotides from cold-acclimated wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold treatment induced Wcs120 mRNA in less than 24 hours.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- cold treatmente0
- Gene
- Wcs120e1
- Outcome
- accumulation of this mRNAe0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Value
- less than 24 hourse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The accumulation of this mRNA was induced in less than 24 hours of cold treatment”
e1“Wcs120, that specifically hybridizes to a major mRNA species of approximately 1650 nucleotides from cold-acclimated wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Wcs120 mRNA remained high during cold acclimation in two freezing-tolerant wheat genotypes.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- two freezing-tolerant genotypese0
- Outcome
- high steady-state levele0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“remained at a high steady-state level during the entire period of cold acclimation in the two freezing-tolerant genotypes of wheat tested”
Claim · model-written summary
Wcs120 expression was transient in a less-tolerant wheat genotype.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- less-tolerant genotypee0
- Gene
- Wcs120e0
- Outcome
- expression of Wcs120 was transiente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The expression of Wcs120 was transient in a less-tolerant genotype”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Wcs120 genomic organization and copy number were the same in all three genotypes.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- Wcs120e0
- Outcome
- genomic organization of the Wcs120 and the relative copy numbere0
- Direction
- the samee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the genomic organization of the Wcs120 and the relative copy number were the same in the three genotypes”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Wcs120 mRNA decreased rapidly during deacclimation.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- deacclimatione0
- Outcome
- mRNA levele0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mRNA level decreased rapidly during deacclimation”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat shock, drought and abscisic acid did not induce Wcs120 mRNA.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- heat shock, drought, or abscisic acide0
- Outcome
- not inducede0
- Direction
- not inducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was not induced by heat shock, drought, or abscisic acid”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The Wcs120 cDNA encodes a 390 amino acid protein.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- Wcs120e0
- Outcome
- proteine0
- Value
- 390 amino acidse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Wcs120 cDNA contains a long open reading frame encoding a protein of 390 amino acids”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The encoded protein is boiling stable and highly hydrophilic.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- boiling stable, highly hydrophilice0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The encoded protein is boiling stable, highly hydrophilic”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The protein is enriched in glycine at 26.7%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- glycinee0
- Value
- 26.7%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“glycine (26.7%)”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The protein contains threonine at 16.7%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- threoninee0
- Value
- 16.7%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“threonine (16.7%)”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The protein contains histidine at 10.8%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- histidinee0
- Value
- 10.8%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“histidine (10.8%)”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Cysteine, phenylalanine and tryptophan were absent from the protein.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- cysteine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan were absente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cysteine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan were absent”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
WCS120 contains two repeated domains.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- WCS120e0
- Outcome
- two repeated domainse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The WCS120 protein contains two repeated domains”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Domain A consensus sequence GEKKGVMENIKEKLPGGHGDHQQ is repeated 6 times.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- consensus amino acid sequence GEKKGVMENIKEKLPGGHGDHQQe0
- Value
- 6 timese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Domain A has the consensus amino acid sequence GEKKGVMENIKEKLPGGHGDHQQ, which is repeated 6 times”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Domain B sequence TGGTYGQQGHTGTT is repeated 11 times.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- sequence TGGTYGQQGHTGTTe0
- Value
- 11 timese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“domain B has the sequence TGGTYGQQGHTGTT, which is repeated 11 times”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The two domains were also found in barley dehydrins and rice abscisic acid-induced protein families.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree0 - Outcome
- two domains were also founde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The two domains were also found in barley dehydrins and rice abscisic acid-induced protein families”
Claim · model-written summary
Expression in Escherichia coli produced a 50 kilodalton protein.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- proteine0
- Value
- 50 kilodaltonse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The expression of this cDNA in Escherichia coli, using the T(7) RNA polymerase promoter, produced a protein of 50 kilodaltons”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The expressed protein had an isoelectric point of 7.3.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- isoelectric pointe0
- Value
- 7.3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a protein of 50 kilodaltons with an isoelectric point of 7.3”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The expressed protein comigrated with a major cold-acclimation protein synthesized in vivo and in vitro.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- comigrated with a major proteine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this product comigrated with a major protein synthesized in vivo and in vitro during cold acclimation”
t0“Wheat”
The same questions in other papers
cold · molecular: expression · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
33 papers in the same direction as this paper · 15 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
45 papers more in this group
See all 49 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.