Abstract
Seedlings of Hong Mang Mai wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) emerge from much deeper in the soil than do other cultivars by elongating their first internode. We examined the roles of ethylene, gibberellins (GA) and potassium in the elongation of the first internode in wheat cultivars. Although ethylene stimulated the elongation of the first internode of Hong Mang Mai in the dark, the ethylene evolution and the expression level of ethylene-receptor-like gene of this cultivar were not greater than those of other cultivars.In Hong Mang Mai, gibberellin A3 (GA3) substantially stimulated the elongation of the first internode in the dark. Maximum elongation of the first internode was obtained by GA3 at the concentrations of 2.89 × 10–6 to 2.89 × 10–7 M. This cultivar responded markedly to gibberellins A1 and A3 by elongating the first internode in the dark. A mixture of gibberellins A4 and A7 (GA4+7) was not effective in inducing the elongation. Haruhikari, a cultivar having no GA -insensitive-reducing-height (Rht) genes, substantially responded to GA3, but other cultivars did not. The differences in the sensitivity to GA could account, at least in part, for the varietal differences in the elongation of the first internode in wheat. Takune-komugi, a cultivar whose first internode elongates in response to ethylene, did not respond to GA3. Thus, there are different mechanisms for the GA- and ethylene-stimulated elongation of the first internode in wheat.Also, it was suggested that potassium uptake from the soil might function together with endogenous GA in inducing the elongation of the first internode in Hong Mang Mai wheat.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Hong Mang Mai wheat seedlings emerge from deeper soil than other cultivars through first internode elongation.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Material
- Hong Mang Maie0
- Organ / stage
- first internodee0
- Outcome
- emerge from much deeper in the soile0
- Comparator
- other cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seedlings of Hong Mang Mai wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) emerge from much deeper in the soil than do other cultivars by elongating their first internode”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene stimulated Hong Mang Mai first internode elongation in darkness.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Hong Mang Maie0
- Treatment
- ethylenee0
- Outcome
- elongation of the first internodee0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ethylene stimulated the elongation of the first internode of Hong Mang Mai in the dark”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Hong Mang Mai ethylene evolution was not greater than in other cultivars.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- ethylene evolutione0
- Direction
- not greatere0
- Comparator
- other cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the ethylene evolution and the expression level of ethylene-receptor-like gene of this cultivar were not greater than those of other cultivars”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Hong Mang Mai ethylene receptor like gene expression was not greater than in other cultivars.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- ethylene-receptor-like genee0
- Outcome
- expression level of ethylene-receptor-like genee0
- Direction
- not greatere0
- Comparator
- other cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the ethylene evolution and the expression level of ethylene-receptor-like gene of this cultivar were not greater than those of other cultivars”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 substantially stimulated first internode elongation in dark grown Hong Mang Mai.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Hong Mang Maie0
- Treatment
- gibberellin A3 (GA3)e0
- Outcome
- elongation of the first internodee0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Hong Mang Mai, gibberellin A3 (GA3) substantially stimulated the elongation of the first internode in the dark”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 concentrations of 2.89 × 10–6 to 2.89 × 10–7 M yielded maximum first internode elongation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- GA3 at the concentrations of 2.89 × 10–6 to 2.89 × 10–7 Me0
- Outcome
- elongation of the first internodee0
- Direction
- Maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum elongation of the first internode was obtained by GA3 at the concentrations of 2.89 × 10–6 to 2.89 × 10–7 M”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Gibberellin A1 caused marked first internode elongation in Hong Mang Mai in darkness.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- gibberellins A1e0
- Outcome
- elongating the first internodee0
- Direction
- markedlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This cultivar responded markedly to gibberellins A1 and A3 by elongating the first internode in the dark”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Gibberellin A3 caused marked first internode elongation in Hong Mang Mai in darkness.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- A3e0
- Outcome
- elongating the first internodee0
- Direction
- markedlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This cultivar responded markedly to gibberellins A1 and A3 by elongating the first internode in the dark”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
GA4+7 did not induce first internode elongation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- gibberellins A4 and A7 (GA4+7)e0
- Outcome
- elongatione0
- Direction
- not effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A mixture of gibberellins A4 and A7 (GA4+7) was not effective in inducing the elongation”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Haruhikari substantially responded to GA3.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Haruhikarie0
- Treatment
- GA3e0
- Outcome
- responded to GA3e0
- Direction
- substantiallye0
- Comparator
- other cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Haruhikari, a cultivar having no GA -insensitive-reducing-height (Rht) genes, substantially responded to GA3, but other cultivars did not”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Other cultivars did not respond to GA3.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- GA3e0
- Outcome
- responded to GA3e0
- Direction
- did note0
- Comparator
- Haruhikarie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Haruhikari, a cultivar having no GA -insensitive-reducing-height (Rht) genes, substantially responded to GA3, but other cultivars did not”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Takune-komugi did not respond to GA3.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Takune-komugie0
- Treatment
- GA3e0
- Outcome
- respond to GA3e0
- Direction
- did note0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Takune-komugi, a cultivar whose first internode elongates in response to ethylene, did not respond to GA3”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Varietal differences in GA sensitivity may partly explain first internode elongation differences.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- varietal differences in the elongation of the first internodee0
- Qualifier
- differences in the sensitivity to GAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The differences in the sensitivity to GA could account, at least in part, for the varietal differences in the elongation of the first internode in wheat”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium uptake might act with endogenous GA to induce Hong Mang Mai first internode elongation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- elongation of the first internodee0
- Qualifier
- potassium uptake from the soil might function together with endogenous GAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“potassium uptake from the soil might function together with endogenous GA in inducing the elongation of the first internode in Hong Mang Mai wheat”
t0“Wheat”
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