Abstract
In rice (Oryza sativa), the shoot-borne crown roots are the major root type and are initiated at lower stem nodes as part of normal plant development. However, the regulatory mechanism of crown root development is poorly understood. In this work, we show that a WUSCHEL-related Homeobox (WOX) gene, WOX11, is involved in the activation of crown root emergence and growth. WOX11 was found to be expressed in emerging crown roots and later in cell division regions of the root meristem. The expression could be induced by exogenous auxin or cytokinin. Loss-of-function mutation or downregulation of the gene reduced the number and the growth rate of crown roots, whereas overexpression of the gene induced precocious crown root growth and dramatically increased the root biomass by producing crown roots at the upper stem nodes and the base of florets. The expressions of auxin- and cytokinin-responsive genes were affected in WOX11 overexpression and RNA interference transgenic plants. Further analysis showed that WOX11 directly repressed RR2, a type-A cytokinin-responsive regulator gene that was found to be expressed in crown root primordia. The results suggest that WOX11 may be an integrator of auxin and cytokinin signaling that feeds into RR2 to regulate cell proliferation during crown root development.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
WOX11 is expressed in emerging crown roots and later in cell division regions of the root meristem in rice.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Organ / stage
- emerging crown rootse1
- Gene
- WOX11e1
- Outcome
- expressed in emerging crown rootse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In rice (Oryza sativa), the shoot-borne crown roots are the major root type”
e1“WOX11 was found to be expressed in emerging crown roots and later in cell division regions of the root meristem”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous auxin or cytokinin induces WOX11 expression in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- exogenous auxin or cytokinine2
- Outcome
- expressione2
- Direction
- inducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In rice (Oryza sativa), the shoot-borne crown roots are the major root type”
e2“The expression could be induced by exogenous auxin or cytokinin”
Claim · model-written summary
Loss-of-function or downregulation of WOX11 reduced the number and growth rate of rice crown roots.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Loss-of-function mutation or downregulation of the genee3
- Outcome
- the number and the growth rate of crown rootse3
- Direction
- reducede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In rice (Oryza sativa), the shoot-borne crown roots are the major root type”
e3“Loss-of-function mutation or downregulation of the gene reduced the number and the growth rate of crown roots”
Claim · model-written summary
WOX11 overexpression induced precocious crown root growth in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- overexpression of the genee4
- Outcome
- precocious crown root growthe4
- Direction
- inducede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In rice (Oryza sativa), the shoot-borne crown roots are the major root type”
e4“overexpression of the gene induced precocious crown root growth”
Claim · model-written summary
WOX11 overexpression dramatically increased rice root biomass.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- overexpression of the genee4
- Outcome
- root biomasse5
- Direction
- dramatically increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In rice (Oryza sativa), the shoot-borne crown roots are the major root type”
e4“overexpression of the gene induced precocious crown root growth”
e5“dramatically increased the root biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
WOX11 overexpression produced crown roots at the upper stem nodes and the base of florets in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- upper stem nodese6
- Outcome
- producing crown roots at the upper stem nodes and the base of floretse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In rice (Oryza sativa), the shoot-borne crown roots are the major root type”
e6“producing crown roots at the upper stem nodes and the base of florets”
Claim · model-written summary
WOX11 overexpression and RNA interference affected expression of auxin- and cytokinin-responsive genes in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- WOX11 overexpression and RNA interferencee7
- Gene
- WOX11e7
- Outcome
- expressions of auxin- and cytokinin-responsive genese7
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In rice (Oryza sativa), the shoot-borne crown roots are the major root type”
e7“The expressions of auxin- and cytokinin-responsive genes were affected in WOX11 overexpression and RNA interference transgenic plants”
Claim · model-written summary
WOX11 directly represses RR2, a type-A cytokinin-responsive regulator gene in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Gene
- RR2e1
- Outcome
- RR2e1
- Direction
- repressede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In rice (Oryza sativa), the shoot-borne crown roots are the major root type”
e1“WOX11 directly repressed RR2, a type-A cytokinin-responsive regulator gene that was found to be expressed in crown root primordia”
Claim · model-written summary
WOX11 may integrate auxin and cytokinin signalling that feeds into RR2 to regulate cell proliferation during crown root development in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Gene
- WOX11e1
- Outcome
- cell proliferation during crown root developmente1
- Qualifier
- may be an integrator of auxin and cytokinin signalinge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In rice (Oryza sativa), the shoot-borne crown roots are the major root type”
e1“The results suggest that WOX11 may be an integrator of auxin and cytokinin signaling that feeds into RR2 to regulate cell proliferation during crown root development”
The same questions in other papers
loss of function · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
103 papers in the same direction as this paper · 28 in the opposite direction
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