Abstract
To obtain information for more detailed studies of how rice responds to climate change plants of three high tillering (IR30, IR52, IR74) and two low tillering cultivars (Azuceña and IRAT 104) were grown under controlled environment conditions for 28 days. To detect CO2 responses, plants were grown at 400μL L-1 (ambient) or 700μL L-1 CO2, at 31/26°C and a 13hr photoperiod. To detect temperature responses, plants were grown at 28/22, 31/25, or 34/28°C light/dark temperatures, ambient CO2, and a 13hr photoperiod. Across all rice cultivars, a 300μL L-1 increase in CO2 stimulated root growth more than shoot growth (p<0.05), i. e. a 12 to 54% increase in root weight, 4 to 49% increase in total dry weight, and 10 to 32% increase in root/shoot ratio; but neither leaf nor stem weight and leaf or tiller number was affected by CO2. In contrast, increasing temperature by 6°C for 28/22°C stimulated shoot but inhibited root growth, resulting in an increase (p<0.05) (38 to 69%) in leaf number but a significant decrease (32 to 48%) in root/shoot ratio and nonsignificant changes for other parameters. Cultivars responded similarly to CO2 or temperature; there were no significant CO2 x cultivar or temperature x cultivar interactions. However, rice cultivars responded differently to the same environment; IRAT 104 plants tended to have lower dry weights and tiller numbers than the IR cultivars with Azuceña as intermediate. Azucena had lower root/shoot ratios than the other cultivars.The information in this document has been funded wholly or in part by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to me Agency's peer and administrative review, and it has been approved for publication as an EPA document. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Across rice cultivars, an increase in CO2 stimulated root growth more than shoot growth.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- increase in CO2e1
- Outcome
- root growthe1
- Direction
- stimulatede1
- Comparator
- ambiente2
- Setting
- controlled environmente3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of CO2 and Temperature on Five Rice Cultivars”
e1“increase in CO2 stimulated root growth more than shoot growth (p<0.05)”
e2“(ambient) or 700”
e3“were grown under controlled environment conditions for 28 days”
Claim · model-written summary
The CO2 increase raised root weight by 12 to 54%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- increase in CO2e1
- Outcome
- root weighte4
- Direction
- increasee4
- Value
- 12 to 54%e4
- Comparator
- ambiente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of CO2 and Temperature on Five Rice Cultivars”
e1“increase in CO2 stimulated root growth more than shoot growth (p<0.05)”
e2“(ambient) or 700”
e4“a 12 to 54% increase in root weight, 4 to 49% increase in total dry weight, and 10 to 32% increase in root/shoot ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
The CO2 increase raised total dry weight by 4 to 49%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- increase in CO2e1
- Outcome
- total dry weighte4
- Direction
- increasee4
- Value
- 4 to 49%e4
- Comparator
- ambiente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of CO2 and Temperature on Five Rice Cultivars”
e1“increase in CO2 stimulated root growth more than shoot growth (p<0.05)”
e2“(ambient) or 700”
e4“a 12 to 54% increase in root weight, 4 to 49% increase in total dry weight, and 10 to 32% increase in root/shoot ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
The CO2 increase raised the root/shoot ratio by 10 to 32%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- increase in CO2e1
- Outcome
- root/shoot ratioe4
- Direction
- increasee4
- Value
- 10 to 32%e4
- Comparator
- ambiente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of CO2 and Temperature on Five Rice Cultivars”
e1“increase in CO2 stimulated root growth more than shoot growth (p<0.05)”
e2“(ambient) or 700”
e4“a 12 to 54% increase in root weight, 4 to 49% increase in total dry weight, and 10 to 32% increase in root/shoot ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
The CO2 increase did not affect leaf or stem weight.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- CO2e5
- Outcome
- leaf nor stem weighte5
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede5
- Comparator
- ambiente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of CO2 and Temperature on Five Rice Cultivars”
e2“(ambient) or 700”
e5“neither leaf nor stem weight and leaf or tiller number was affected by CO2”
Claim · model-written summary
The CO2 increase did not affect leaf or tiller number.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- CO2e5
- Outcome
- leaf or tiller numbere5
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede5
- Comparator
- ambiente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of CO2 and Temperature on Five Rice Cultivars”
e2“(ambient) or 700”
e5“neither leaf nor stem weight and leaf or tiller number was affected by CO2”
Claim · model-written summary
Raising temperature by 6°C from 28/22°C stimulated shoot growth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- increasing temperaturee6
- Outcome
- shoote6
- Direction
- stimulatede6
- Comparator
- 28/22°Ce6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of CO2 and Temperature on Five Rice Cultivars”
e6“increasing temperature by 6°C for 28/22°C stimulated shoot but inhibited root growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Raising temperature by 6°C from 28/22°C inhibited root growth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- increasing temperaturee6
- Outcome
- root growthe6
- Direction
- inhibitede6
- Comparator
- 28/22°Ce6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of CO2 and Temperature on Five Rice Cultivars”
e6“increasing temperature by 6°C for 28/22°C stimulated shoot but inhibited root growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Raising temperature by 6°C increased leaf number by 38 to 69%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- increasing temperaturee6
- Outcome
- leaf numbere7
- Direction
- increasee7
- Value
- 38 to 69%e7
- Comparator
- 28/22°Ce6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of CO2 and Temperature on Five Rice Cultivars”
e6“increasing temperature by 6°C for 28/22°C stimulated shoot but inhibited root growth”
e7“resulting in an increase (p<0.05) (38 to 69%) in leaf number”
Claim · model-written summary
Raising temperature by 6°C decreased the root/shoot ratio by 32 to 48%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- increasing temperaturee6
- Outcome
- root/shoot ratioe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 32 to 48%e0
- Comparator
- 28/22°Ce6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of CO2 and Temperature on Five Rice Cultivars”
e6“increasing temperature by 6°C for 28/22°C stimulated shoot but inhibited root growth”
e0“a significant decrease (32 to 48%) in root/shoot ratio and nonsignificant changes for other parameters”
Claim · model-written summary
Raising temperature by 6°C did not significantly change other growth parameters.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- increasing temperaturee6
- Outcome
- other parameterse0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
- Comparator
- 28/22°Ce6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of CO2 and Temperature on Five Rice Cultivars”
e6“increasing temperature by 6°C for 28/22°C stimulated shoot but inhibited root growth”
e0“a significant decrease (32 to 48%) in root/shoot ratio and nonsignificant changes for other parameters”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice cultivars responded similarly to CO2 and temperature, with no significant CO2 or temperature interactions with cultivar.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- responded similarlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of CO2 and Temperature on Five Rice Cultivars”
e0“Cultivars responded similarly to CO2 or temperature; there were no significant CO2 x cultivar or temperature x cultivar interactions”
Claim · model-written summary
IRAT 104 had lower dry weights and tiller numbers than the IR cultivars.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- IRAT 104e1
- Outcome
- dry weights and tiller numberse1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- IR cultivarse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of CO2 and Temperature on Five Rice Cultivars”
e1“IRAT 104 plants tended to have lower dry weights and tiller numbers than the IR cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Azucena had lower root/shoot ratios than the other cultivars.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Azucenae1
- Outcome
- root/shoot ratiose1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- the other cultivarse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of CO2 and Temperature on Five Rice Cultivars”
e1“Azucena had lower root/shoot ratios than the other cultivars”
The same questions in other papers
co2 · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
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- positive
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See all 124 papers →co2 · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
27 papers in the same direction as this paper · 131 in the opposite direction
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See all 159 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.