Abstract
Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill] plants grown with no‐tillage (NT) often appear smaller than those grown with conventional tillage (CT), yet they produce similar grain yield. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that the early‐season growth depression is offset by compensatory growth and changes in plant development. A 2‐yr field study was conducted at Urbana, IL, on a long‐term tillage experiment. Grain yield, moisture, protein, and oil content were similar for CT and NT treatments. Total plant, stem, leaf, and pod dry biomass were all initially about 15 to 20% greater under CT, but the difference declined until about R5 or R6; thus, compensatory growth did occur. At the initiation of sampling (V2) crop growth rate was about 20% greater under CT, but the difference declined until about R2. The advantage shifted to NT until about R6. Leaf area index (LAI) was greater for CT until about R4. Net assimilation rate was greater for NT until about R5. Increases in early‐season crop growth rate for CT was due to increased LAI. Greater crop growth rate for NT late in the season was due to increased net assimilation rate. Leaf weight ratio was larger for the CT crop until about R6. Specific leaf area was less in CT than NT. This work supports our hypothesis that compensatory growth and alterations in plant development occur when soybean is grown in NT systems and helps to explain why grain yield does not decrease with NT even though early‐season growth is affected.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield was similar under conventional and no-tillage.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- no‐tillage (NT)e1
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- conventional tillage (CT)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill] plants grown with no‐tillage (NT) often appear smaller than those grown with conventional tillage (CT), yet they produce similar grain yield.”
e1“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill] plants grown with no‐tillage (NT) often appear smaller than those grown with conventional tillage (CT), yet they produce similar grain yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield and seed moisture, protein and oil content were similar between tillage treatments.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- no‐tillage (NT)e1
- Outcome
- Grain yield, moisture, protein, and oil contente0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- conventional tillage (CT)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield, moisture, protein, and oil content were similar for CT and NT treatments.”
e1“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill] plants grown with no‐tillage (NT) often appear smaller than those grown with conventional tillage (CT), yet they produce similar grain yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Total plant, stem and leaf dry biomass initially exceeded no-tillage by about 15 to 20% under conventional tillage, with the difference declining by R5 or R6.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- no‐tillage (NT)e1
- Outcome
- Total plant, stem, leaf, and pod dry biomasse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 15 to 20%e0
- Qualifier
- until about R5 or R6e0
- Comparator
- conventional tillage (CT)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total plant, stem, leaf, and pod dry biomass were all initially about 15 to 20% greater under CT, but the difference declined until about R5 or R6”
e1“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill] plants grown with no‐tillage (NT) often appear smaller than those grown with conventional tillage (CT), yet they produce similar grain yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
At V2 crop growth rate was about 20% greater under conventional tillage, with the difference declining to R2.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- no‐tillage (NT)e1
- Outcome
- crop growth ratee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 20%e0
- Qualifier
- until about R2e0
- Comparator
- conventional tillage (CT)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the initiation of sampling (V2) crop growth rate was about 20% greater under CT, but the difference declined until about R2”
e1“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill] plants grown with no‐tillage (NT) often appear smaller than those grown with conventional tillage (CT), yet they produce similar grain yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Crop growth rate favored no-tillage from about R2 to R6.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- no‐tillage (NT)e1
- Outcome
- advantagee0
- Direction
- shiftede0
- Qualifier
- until about R6e0
- Comparator
- conventional tillage (CT)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The advantage shifted to NT until about R6.”
e1“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill] plants grown with no‐tillage (NT) often appear smaller than those grown with conventional tillage (CT), yet they produce similar grain yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf area index was greater under conventional tillage until about R4.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- no‐tillage (NT)e1
- Outcome
- Leaf area index (LAI)e0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- until about R4e0
- Comparator
- conventional tillage (CT)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf area index (LAI) was greater for CT until about R4.”
e1“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill] plants grown with no‐tillage (NT) often appear smaller than those grown with conventional tillage (CT), yet they produce similar grain yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Net assimilation rate was greater under no-tillage until about R5.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- no‐tillage (NT)e1
- Outcome
- Net assimilation ratee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- until about R5e0
- Comparator
- conventional tillage (CT)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Net assimilation rate was greater for NT until about R5.”
e1“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill] plants grown with no‐tillage (NT) often appear smaller than those grown with conventional tillage (CT), yet they produce similar grain yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher early-season crop growth rate under conventional tillage was attributed to greater leaf area index.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- no‐tillage (NT)e1
- Outcome
- crop growth ratee0
- Direction
- Increasese0
- Comparator
- conventional tillage (CT)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increases in early‐season crop growth rate for CT was due to increased LAI.”
e1“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill] plants grown with no‐tillage (NT) often appear smaller than those grown with conventional tillage (CT), yet they produce similar grain yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher late-season crop growth rate under no-tillage was attributed to greater net assimilation rate.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- no‐tillage (NT)e1
- Outcome
- crop growth ratee0
- Direction
- Greatere0
- Comparator
- conventional tillage (CT)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Greater crop growth rate for NT late in the season was due to increased net assimilation rate.”
e1“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill] plants grown with no‐tillage (NT) often appear smaller than those grown with conventional tillage (CT), yet they produce similar grain yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf weight ratio was larger under conventional tillage until about R6.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- no‐tillage (NT)e1
- Outcome
- Leaf weight ratioe0
- Direction
- largere0
- Qualifier
- until about R6e0
- Comparator
- conventional tillage (CT)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf weight ratio was larger for the CT crop until about R6.”
e1“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill] plants grown with no‐tillage (NT) often appear smaller than those grown with conventional tillage (CT), yet they produce similar grain yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Specific leaf area was lower under conventional than no-tillage.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- no‐tillage (NT)e1
- Outcome
- Specific leaf areae0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- conventional tillage (CT)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Specific leaf area was less in CT than NT.”
e1“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill] plants grown with no‐tillage (NT) often appear smaller than those grown with conventional tillage (CT), yet they produce similar grain yield.”
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