Abstract
The Middle East-Minor 1 cryptic species (MEAM1), Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is a globally invasive pest. It spreads widely due to its high fecundity and mutualistic interactions with the virus they vector. Feeding on virus (tomato yellow leaf curl China virus, TYLCCNV)-infected host plants improves their fecundity, however, the key factor regulating the signaling transduction in reproduction of whitefly remains to be identified. Here, we cloned a full length cDNA encoding an insulin-like peptide in MEAM1 (BtILP1) and investigated its expression profile, functions, and the expression induced by feeding on virus-infected tobacco plants. The full length cDNA of BtILP1 was 590 bps and encoded an open reading frame containing 149 amino acid residues. Multiple sequences alignment results showed BtILP1 contained the structural features typical of the insulin family. Expression dynamics associated with development showed the expression level of BtILP1 peaked at 5 days posteclosion (PE). During 1 to 3 days PE, BtILP1 was expressed highly in the head and abdomen of female adults and highly in the head during 5 to 7 days PE. Knockdown of the BtILP1 expression also impaired vitellogenin gene expression at both transcript and protein levels. Downregulating BtILP1 expression decreased fecundity of female adults and hatching rate of eggs. Feeding on virus-infected tobacco increased BtILP1 expression in MEAM1 female adults. We infer feeding on begomovirus-infected tobacco enhances the reproduction of MEAM1 by inducing BtILP1 expression. Our results give a new sight into the mutualistic interactions between virus and its insect vector.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
BtILP1 cDNA was 590 bps and encoded 149 amino acid residues.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume1 - Interactor
- MEAM1e1pest
- Gene
- BtILP1e0
- Outcome
- full length cDNAe0
- Value
- 590 bpse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The full length cDNA of BtILP1 was 590 bps and encoded an open reading frame containing 149 amino acid residues.”
t0“BEGOMOVIRUS‐INFECTED PLANT”
e1“Feeding on virus-infected tobacco increased BtILP1 expression in MEAM1 female adults.”
Claim · model-written summary
BtILP1 expression peaked five days after eclosion.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Interactor
- MEAM1e1pest
- Gene
- BtILP1e0
- Outcome
- expression levele0
- Direction
- peakede0
- Value
- 5 days posteclosione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the expression level of BtILP1 peaked at 5 days posteclosion (PE).”
t0“BEGOMOVIRUS‐INFECTED PLANT”
e1“Feeding on virus-infected tobacco increased BtILP1 expression in MEAM1 female adults.”
Claim · model-written summary
BtILP1 knockdown impaired vitellogenin expression.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- Knockdown of the BtILP1 expressione0
- Interactor
- MEAM1e1pest
- Gene
- BtILP1e0
- Outcome
- vitellogenin gene expressione0
- Direction
- impairede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Knockdown of the BtILP1 expression also impaired vitellogenin gene expression at both transcript and protein levels.”
t0“BEGOMOVIRUS‐INFECTED PLANT”
e1“Feeding on virus-infected tobacco increased BtILP1 expression in MEAM1 female adults.”
Claim · model-written summary
BtILP1 downregulation decreased whitefly fecundity.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- Downregulating BtILP1 expressione0
- Interactor
- MEAM1e1pest
- Gene
- BtILP1e0
- Outcome
- fecundity of female adultse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Downregulating BtILP1 expression decreased fecundity of female adults and hatching rate of eggs.”
t0“BEGOMOVIRUS‐INFECTED PLANT”
e1“Feeding on virus-infected tobacco increased BtILP1 expression in MEAM1 female adults.”
Claim · model-written summary
BtILP1 downregulation decreased egg hatching rate.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- Downregulating BtILP1 expressione0
- Interactor
- MEAM1e1pest
- Gene
- BtILP1e0
- Outcome
- hatching rate of eggse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Downregulating BtILP1 expression decreased fecundity of female adults and hatching rate of eggs.”
t0“BEGOMOVIRUS‐INFECTED PLANT”
e1“Feeding on virus-infected tobacco increased BtILP1 expression in MEAM1 female adults.”
Claim · model-written summary
Feeding on infected tobacco increased BtILP1 expression in female whiteflies.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- Feeding on virus-infected tobaccoe0
- Interactor
- MEAM1e0pest
- Outcome
- BtILP1 expression in MEAM1 female adultse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Feeding on virus-infected tobacco increased BtILP1 expression in MEAM1 female adults.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that infected tobacco increases MEAM1 reproduction through BtILP1 induction.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Interactor
- MEAM1e0pest
- Gene
- BtILP1e0
- Outcome
- reproduction of MEAM1e0
- Qualifier
- by inducing BtILP1 expressione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We infer feeding on begomovirus-infected tobacco enhances the reproduction of MEAM1 by inducing BtILP1 expression.”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 20 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.