Abstract
To study the effects of potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) with cadmium (Cd) in roots, stem, leaves and fruits of tomato plants, a greenhouse experiment was conducted as factorial based on complete random blocks design. The first factor was Zn at three levels (88.8, 177.6 and 355.2 μg/L) and the second factor was K at three levels (255, 510 and 1020 mg/L). In this experiment, the basic nutrition solution (Hoagland) contained 20 μM Cd in all the treatments. At the second harvest period, the concentration of Cd, K and Zn was measured in different organs of the plants including roots, stem, leaves and fruits. Results indicated that increasing Zn concentration in nutrition solution had no significant effect on concentration of Cd and K in roots; but, it increased Zn concentration in roots. In stem, application of Zn increased concentration of Cd and Zn; but had no effect on K concentration. In leaves, concentration of K and Cd was increased; but no effect was observed on Zn concentration. In fruits, the concentration of Zn, K and Cd was not affected by increasing Zn concentration in nutrition solution. Increasing K concentration in nutrition solution had no significant effect on concentration of Cd, Zn and K in roots. In stem, only the concentration of Zn was increased. But in leaves, Cd reduced and K increased concentration of K. In fruits, it caused an increase in concentration of Zn. Interaction of K and Zn was significant on concentration of K in roots and Zn in fruits. In general, under the conditions of the present research, in tomato plant, Zn and Cd have synergistic effect and K and Cd have antagonistic effect.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing solution Zn did not significantly affect root Cd or K concentration.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- increasing Zn concentration in nutrition solutione0
- Outcome
- concentration of Cd and K in rootse0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing Zn concentration in nutrition solution had no significant effect on concentration of Cd and K in roots”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing solution Zn raised root Zn concentration.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- increasing Zn concentration in nutrition solutione1
- Outcome
- Zn concentration in rootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it increased Zn concentration in roots”
t0“tomato”
e1“Results indicated that increasing Zn concentration in nutrition solution”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn application increased stem Cd and Zn concentrations.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- steme1
- Treatment
- application of Zne0
- Outcome
- concentration of Cd and Zne0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of Zn increased concentration of Cd and Zn”
t0“tomato”
e1“In stem, application of Zn”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn application had no effect on stem K concentration.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- steme2
- Treatment
- application of Zne1
- Outcome
- K concentratione0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but had no effect on K concentration”
t0“tomato”
e1“application of Zn”
e2“In stem, application of Zn”
Claim · model-written summary
With increasing Zn, leaf K and Cd concentrations increased.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- increasing Zn concentration in nutrition solutione1
- Outcome
- concentration of K and Cde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In leaves, concentration of K and Cd was increased”
t0“tomato”
e1“Results indicated that increasing Zn concentration in nutrition solution”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing Zn had no observed effect on leaf Zn concentration.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese2
- Treatment
- increasing Zn concentration in nutrition solutione1
- Outcome
- Zn concentratione0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but no effect was observed on Zn concentration”
t0“tomato”
e1“Results indicated that increasing Zn concentration in nutrition solution”
e2“In leaves, concentration of K and Cd”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing Zn did not affect fruit Zn, K or Cd concentration.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- fruitse0
- Treatment
- increasing Zn concentration in nutrition solutione0
- Outcome
- concentration of Zn, K and Cde0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In fruits, the concentration of Zn, K and Cd was not affected by increasing Zn concentration in nutrition solution.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing solution K had no significant effect on root Cd, Zn or K concentration.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Increasing K concentration in nutrition solutione0
- Outcome
- concentration of Cd, Zn and K in rootse0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing K concentration in nutrition solution had no significant effect on concentration of Cd, Zn and K in roots.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing solution K raised stem Zn concentration.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- steme0
- Treatment
- Increasing K concentration in nutrition solutione1
- Outcome
- concentration of Zne0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In stem, only the concentration of Zn was increased.”
t0“tomato”
e1“Increasing K concentration in nutrition solution”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing solution K reduced leaf Cd concentration.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- Increasing K concentration in nutrition solutione1
- Outcome
- Cde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“But in leaves, Cd reduced”
t0“tomato”
e1“Increasing K concentration in nutrition solution”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing solution K raised leaf K concentration.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese2
- Treatment
- Increasing K concentration in nutrition solutione1
- Outcome
- concentration of Ke0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K increased concentration of K”
t0“tomato”
e1“Increasing K concentration in nutrition solution”
e2“But in leaves, Cd reduced”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing solution K raised fruit Zn concentration.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- fruitse0
- Treatment
- Increasing K concentration in nutrition solutione1
- Outcome
- concentration of Zne0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In fruits, it caused an increase in concentration of Zn.”
t0“tomato”
e1“Increasing K concentration in nutrition solution”
Claim · model-written summary
K and Zn interacted significantly for root K concentration.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- K and Zne0
- Outcome
- concentration of K in rootse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interaction of K and Zn was significant on concentration of K in roots”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
K and Zn interacted significantly for fruit Zn concentration.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- K and Zne0
- Outcome
- Zn in fruitse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interaction of K and Zn was significant on concentration of K in roots and Zn in fruits”
t0“tomato”
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See all 22 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.